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such as用法詳解

一、such as 的七個用法

1. 表示舉例，such as  意為“例如，諸如此類的，像……那樣的”，相當(dāng)于like或for example。如：

There are few poets such as Keats and Shelly. 像濟(jì)慈和雪萊這樣的詩人現(xiàn)在很少了。

Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as “quickly” in “she ran fast”. 副詞用來修飾動詞，例如“她跑得快”中的“快”。

Animals such as rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can . 像兔和鹿這樣的動物整個冬天都是很活躍的，它們到處尋找食物。

用于此義時的幾點(diǎn)說明：

(1) 這類結(jié)構(gòu)既可表現(xiàn)為“名詞+such as+例子”，也可表現(xiàn)為“such+名詞+as+例子”。如：

I enjoy songs such as this one.= I enjoy such songs as this one. 我喜歡像這首歌一樣的歌。

(2) 若 such as  后接動詞，通常用動名詞，有時也可用動詞原形。如：

Don’t do anything silly such as marry him. 不要做什么蠢事，比如說去嫁給他。

Magicians often perform tricks such as pulling a rabbit out of a hat. 魔術(shù)師常常變從帽子里抓出兔子的戲法。

(3) 不要按漢語意思將s uch as 用作s uch like。

(4) such as 后不可列出前面所提過的所有東西。如：

正：I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四種語言，如日語、英語。

誤：I know four languages, such as Chinese, French, Japanese and English. 我懂四種語言，如漢語、法語、日語和英語。

(5) 在現(xiàn)代英語中，such as可與etc. 連用。如：

They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers，etc. 他們種了許多種花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。

They export a 1ot of fruits，such as oranges，lemons，etc. 他們出口許多水果，如桔子、檸檬等。

2. such as 表示“像……這樣的”，其中的 as 用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，as 在定語從句中用作主語或賓語。此外，不要按漢語意思把該結(jié)構(gòu)中的 as 換成like。如：

He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起來那么傻。

Such men as he (is) are rare now. 現(xiàn)在像他這樣的人很少了。

3. such as 表示“凡是……的人(或事物)”、“所有……的人(事物)”，其意相當(dāng)于 everything that, all those, those that (who)等。其中的 such 為先行詞，as 為關(guān)系代詞。如：

Take such (things) as you need. 你需要什么就拿什么。

You may choose such as you prefer. 你可挑選自己想要的東西。

Such (people) as have knowledge and skill will not want to work. 有知識和技能的人不愁沒有工作。

4. 有時 such as 整個兒用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句。如：

We had hoped to give you a chance such as nobody else ever had. 我們本來希望給你一個別人從未有過的機(jī)會。

Then I left it，feeling a weight at my heart such as I had never had before. 然后我離開那里，心頭感到一種前所未有的沉重心情。

5. 用于 such…as to do sth，表示結(jié)果，其中的such為限定語，as to do sth 表示結(jié)果。如：

It was such a loud noise as to wake everybody in the house. 聲音很大，屋里的所有人都被吵醒了。

You shouldn’t put such high prices as to frighten your customers off. 你不應(yīng)該要價(jià)這么高，以致把顧客都嚇跑了。

6. 用于such as to do sth，表示程度或結(jié)果。其中的such是代詞，as to do sth引出的結(jié)構(gòu)作程度狀語或結(jié)果狀語。如：

Her illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 她的病不是很重，不必?fù)?dān)心。

The pain in her foot wasn’t such as to stop her walking. 她腳疼，但還不至于不能行走。

7. 用于 such as it is 構(gòu)成習(xí)語，表示讓步，意思是“盡管不怎么好”“盡管不一定正確”“盡管沒什么價(jià)值或重要性”。如：

The food, such as it is, is plentiful. 食物不是很好，但量很多。

You may use my bike, such as it is. 盡管我的自行車不好，你可以將就著用吧。

You’re welcome to join us for supper, such as it is—we’re only having soup and bread. 歡迎你和我們一起吃晚飯，只是沒什么好吃的——只有湯和面包。

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