英語語法詳解：結(jié)果狀語從句（五個方面）

一、引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞

主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等：

He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他學(xué)習(xí)用功，所以考試通過了。

He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他氣得話都說不出來。

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關(guān)窗子用力很大，結(jié)果玻璃震破了。

【注】so…that和such…that中的that有時(尤其在口語中)可省略：

I am so busy I have no time to write a letter. 我很忙，連寫信的時間都沒有。

There was such a lot of rain (that) we couldn’t go out. 雨那么大，我們沒法出去。

二、so…that 與 such…that 的用法比較

從用法上看，so后應(yīng)接形容詞或副詞，而such后接名詞(參見以上例句)。但有時“so+形容詞”后還可接一個名詞，且這個名詞總是帶不定冠詞的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(不能是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞)：

正：He is so clever a child that we all like him. 這小孩很聰明，我們都喜歡他。

正：They are such clever children that we all like them. 這些孩子很聰明，我們都很喜歡。

誤：They are so clever children that we all like them.

此時的so…that結(jié)構(gòu)可與such…that結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：

It’s such an interesting film that we all want to see it. 這電影很有趣，我們都想看。

It’s so interesting a film that we all want to see it. 這電影很有趣，我們都想看。

【注】在much, many, little, few 這四個詞前總是用so而不用such：

He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了許多跤，結(jié)果全身都是傷。

He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. 他賺的錢很少幾乎不能養(yǎng)家糊口。

三、結(jié)果狀語從句與不定式短語的轉(zhuǎn)換

由so that和so…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句有時可與表結(jié)果的so as to和so…as to引出的不定式短語轉(zhuǎn)換：

He arrived late so that he missed the train. / He arrived late so as to miss the train. 他到得很遲，結(jié)果未趕上火車。

He wrote so carefully that he made no mistakes. / He wrote so carefully as to make no mistakes. 他寫得很仔細(xì)，所以沒有出錯。

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