9. few 和 a few

(1) few 形式上肯定，意義上是否定，其意為“很少”、“幾乎沒有”；a few 表示肯定意義，其意為“幾個(gè)”、“一些”。兩者都必須修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，在句子中可用作主語、賓語、定語等。如：

Few apples remained on the tree. 樹上沒什么蘋果了。

A few apples remained on the tree. 樹上還剩有幾個(gè)蘋果。

(2) few前若使用了定冠詞、物主代詞或其他限定詞，則不表否定意義。如：

He was among the few who have read it. 他是少數(shù)讀過它的人之一。

Her few possessions were sold after herdeath. 她那點(diǎn)兒財(cái)產(chǎn)死后就被賣掉了。

Some few of the survivors are still living. 當(dāng)時(shí)幸免于難的人有幾個(gè)人還活著。

【說明】以下幾個(gè)短語，形式不同，意義大致相同：

quite a few=a good few=not a few=不少，相當(dāng)多

10. little 和a little

little 形式上肯定而意義上是否定，其意為“很少”、“幾乎沒有”；a little表示肯定意義，其意為“一些”、“一點(diǎn)”。兩者均只用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，在句子中可做主語、賓語、定語及狀語等。如：

I have little spare time. 我很少有空余時(shí)間。

I have a little spare time. 我有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)空余時(shí)間。

We know little about his life. 我們對他的生世幾乎一無所知。

We know a little about his life. 我們對他的生世知道一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。

注意：(from www.hz123456.com)

不要弄錯(cuò)以下幾個(gè)短語的意思：what little=僅有的一點(diǎn)；a little=a little bit=少許，少量的；not a little 不少的，相當(dāng)多的

11. 復(fù)合不定代詞

復(fù)合不定代詞由some, any, every, no 與 body, one, thing構(gòu)成，如somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing等。在具體使用時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

(1) 含some的復(fù)合不定代詞與含any的復(fù)合不定代詞的區(qū)別與some和any的區(qū)別相似。

(2) 復(fù)合代詞后習(xí)慣上不接表示范圍的of 短語，但分開寫的any one, every one 等卻可以接 of 短語。如：

Every one of us agrees to stay. 我們每個(gè)人都同意留下。

(3) 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞必須置于其后。如：

Has anything special happened? 發(fā)生什么特別的事情了嗎? (from www.hz123456.com)

Can you see something red floating in the distance on the water? 你看見在遠(yuǎn)處有個(gè)什么紅色的東西漂浮在水上嗎?

(4) 指代something, anything, nothing, everything等指事的復(fù)合不定代詞 it，不用 they；指代someone, anyone, everyone, somebody, somebody, anybody, nobody 等指人的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)可用單數(shù) he, him, his(較正式)也可用復(fù)數(shù) they, them, their(非正式)。如：

Everything went according to plan, didn’t it? 一切都是按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，是嗎?

Someone has left his [their] umbrella here. 有人把傘忘在這兒了。

someone (= somebody)與anyone (= anybody) 有時(shí)指：重要人物，要員。

(5) 注意以下習(xí)語

anything but 決不                              nothing but 只有，僅僅

nothing else than 只不過，僅有          nothing less than 不亞于，完全

nothing like 沒有什么能比得上           nothing more or less than 不多不少

nothing more than 僅僅                       something like 大約，有幾分像

something of 有幾分像                       something or other 某事物

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