it用作形式主語或形式賓語的用法

1. it用作形式主語

當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時，為避免頭重腳輕，通常在句首使用形式主語it，而把真正的主語放在句子末尾。如：

It’s a pity to refuse. 拒絕是令人遺憾的。

It’s no use saying any more about it. 再談這事沒有用。

It’s not known where she went. 她到哪里去了沒人知道。

注：It is said / reported / believed / understood that… 這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的 it 也是形式主語。如：

It’s reported that two people were injured in the accident. 據(jù)報導(dǎo)這次事故中有兩人受傷。

2. it用作形式賓語

當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，就應(yīng)在賓語補足語前使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。如：

I find it easy to get on with her. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很容易相處。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我認為你最好住這兒(from www.hz123456.com)。

They haven’t made it known where they are to hold the conference. 他們還沒宣布會議在哪里開。

◎幾種特殊的形式賓語it◎

1. enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等動詞后接 if 從句或 when 從句，通常應(yīng)先在動詞后接 it 作形式賓語。如(from www.hz123456.com)：

She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜歡你遲到。

He hates it when people use his bike. 他討厭別人用他的自行車。

I hate it if you say such things in public. 我討厭你在大庭廣眾之下說那樣的事。

I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，那就太好了。

I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能幫助我做這事，我會十分感激。