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二、常識(shí)語境法

常識(shí)語境法指的是，同學(xué)們?cè)谘a(bǔ)充省略成分時(shí)要充分考慮句子本身的語境，有時(shí)還要結(jié)合一定的生活常識(shí)和學(xué)科常識(shí)，即補(bǔ)充完整的句子不僅要符合語法，而且要符合情理。如：

1. “I like you more than her, my dear.” “You mean more than _________love her or more than she loves _________?”

A. you, me      B. she, you     C. I, me       D. I, you

分析：做對(duì)此題的關(guān)鍵是要弄清填空句是個(gè)省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為 You mean that you love me more than you love her or that you love me more than she loves me? 句意為“你是說你愛我勝過你愛她，還是說你愛我勝過她愛我？”，所以答案應(yīng)選A。若選其他答案，從語法上也是對(duì)的，但不合情理(from www.hz123456.com)。

2. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _________IQ.

A. a high            B. a higher       C. the higher     D. the highest

分析：此題答案為B。此句實(shí)為Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has a higher IQ than him之省略。省略than him后不僅句意仍然清楚，而且顯得更為簡潔。句意為“……我懷疑班上有沒有哪個(gè)人比他智商更高”，即“我認(rèn)為他可能是班上智商最高的”。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆韵骂愃频念}目(分析理由同上，答案均選A)：

(1) How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _________ voice.

A. a better           B. a best           C. the better       D. the best

(2) “I’ve never found _________ job.” “Congratulations.”

A. a better           B. a best           C. the better       D. the best

(3) “What do you think of the service here?” “Oh, wonderful. We couldn’t have found _________ place.”

A. a better           B. a best          C. the better          D. the best

(4) How cold it is! We’ve never had _________ day this winter.

A. a colder           B. a cold          C. the coldest      D. the colder

三、一致驗(yàn)證法

所謂一致驗(yàn)證法，即指在補(bǔ)充省略成分時(shí)，要注意考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu)的前后一致性，此法尤其適合于做因承前省略而擬編的試題。如：

1. I think I can fix it tomorrow. If _________, you’ll have to wait till Friday.

A. not                B. can’t                 C. don’t             D. won’t

分析：答案應(yīng)選A。if not為if I can’t fix it tomorrow 之省略。其中的if I can’t fix it tomorrow與前面的 I can fix it tomorrow一致。注意，此題不能選B，因?yàn)榫渥右咽÷粤酥髡Z。下面請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆粋�(gè)類似的例子：

If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If _________, _________.

A. not, not          B. no, no           C. not, no          D. no, not

此題應(yīng)選A。If not, not. 為 If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go. 全句意為“如果天氣好, 我們就去；如果天氣不好，我們就不去”。該句的特點(diǎn)是：后句與前句的用詞和句式完全相同, 只是前句為肯定，后句為否定，為了簡潔起見, 于是將后句與前句相同部分省略，只保留否定詞 not。

2. They are different in form but _________ in meaning.

A. not                  B. no               C. aren’t             D. don’t

分析：答案選A，but not in meaning為 but they are not different in meaning 之省略。又如：

(1) In the accident the child was hurt, but the mother _________.

A. killing             B. to kill            C. killed               D. kill

答案選C，but the mother killed 為 but the mother was killed 之省略。

(2) The apartment’s fine for two people, but _________.

A. no more           B. no any      C. not more         D. not any

答案選C，but not more 為 but it is not fine for more than two people 之省略。

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