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不要混淆祈使句與非謂語動(dòng)詞

有這樣一道語法考題，該用動(dòng)詞原形？還是用非謂語動(dòng)詞？

_________ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.

A. Follow                     B. Following                     C. To follow                      D. Followed

【分析】此題容易誤選B或C，許多同學(xué)一看選項(xiàng)就想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，選現(xiàn)在分詞表示時(shí)間或伴隨，選不定式表目的。此題的關(guān)鍵是要注意句中的連詞and，它表明整個(gè)句子是一個(gè)并列句，即 and 前后應(yīng)各是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，而不應(yīng)是一個(gè)非謂語形式的短語，所以此題的正確答案應(yīng)選A，即 and 前是一個(gè)祈使句。比較以下兩題：

(1) _________ the road round to the right, she found his house.

A. Follow                        B. Following                        C. To follow                        D. Followed

【分析】此題應(yīng)選B，現(xiàn)在分詞短語表時(shí)間。

(2) _________ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.

A. Follow                        B. Following                        C. To follow                        D. Followed

【分析】此題應(yīng)選C，不定式短語表目的。

注意以下各題均應(yīng)選A，均因?yàn)榫渲械牟⒘羞B詞 and（填空句為祈使句）：

(1) _________ the milk and set a good example to the other children.

A. Drink                        B. To drink                          C. Drinking                        D. Having drinking

(2) _________ me, and don’t just stand there laughing.

A. Answer                     B. To answer                    C. Answering                        D. To be answering

(3) _________ me , and then try to copy what I do.

A. Watch                        B. Watching                     C. To watch                        D. Have watching

(4) _________ through this book and tell me what you think of it.

A. Look                          B. Looking                        C. To look                        D. Having looked

(5) _________ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.

A. Leave                         B. Leaving                        C. If you leave                    D. When left

注：有時(shí)可能不用連詞，而用破折號(hào)（答案均選B，填空句為祈使句）。如：

(1) _________ down the radio — the baby’s asleep in the next room.

A. Turning                        B. Turn                          C. Turned                        D. To turn        

(2) _________ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.

A. Trying                          B. Try                           C. To try                        D. Having tried

以下各題也應(yīng)選A，是因?yàn)榫渲械膹膶龠B詞 when, before, until 等（填空句為祈使句）：

(1) _________ left when you get to the end of the street.

A. Keep                            B. Keeping                     C. To keep                        D. Kept

(2) _________ you hand over your mouth when you cough.

A. Put                              B. Putting                      C. To put                          D. To be putting

(3) _________ him enough time to get home before you telephone.

A. Give                            B. To give                     C. Giving                          D. Given

(4)_________ until the lights have turned to green.

A. Wait                            B. To wait                     C. Waiting                        D. Having waited

(5) _________ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.

A. Join                             B. To join                      C. Joining                        D. Joined

以下各題也應(yīng)選A，即填空句為祈使句：

(1) Don’t give me a long account, just _________ the plain facts.

A. tell                              B. telling                        C. to tell                           D. to be telling

(2) First _________ the rice by washing it, then _________ it in boiling water.

A. prepare, cook               B. preparing, cooking     C. preparing, cook             D. prepare, cooking

(3) Don’t sit there watching — _________ and help me!

A. come                           B. coming                      C. to come                        D. to be coming

(4) Don’t waste your money on silly things — _________ it.

A. save                            B. to save                        C. saving                        D. having saved

(5) To test eggs, _________ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.

A. put                             B. putting                        C. to put                         D. to be putting

但是，以下各題情形有所不同，所填部分為目的狀語(用不定式，即答案均為B)：

(1) _________ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

A. Sleep                           B. To sleep                     C. Sleeping                      D. Having slept

(2) _________ the early bus, Mr Smith got up at six.

A. Catch                          B. To catch                     C. Catching                     D. Having caught