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不定式否定式的幾點用法注意

■ 定式的否定式的構成

不定式的否定式通常是將否定詞not或never置于不定式之前，即構成not to do 或never to do 這樣的形式。注意not和never一定要放在不定式符號to的前面，而不是其后面。如：

He told me not to open the door. 他讓我別開門。

Take care not to break the glass. 小心別把玻璃杯打碎了。

I told him not to make a mess in the kitchen. 我叫他不要把廚房弄得亂七八槽。

I promise never to smoke again. 我保證再也不抽煙了。

I’ll let you off if you promise never to do it again. 如果你答應以后再不這樣做我可以放過你。

■不定式否定式幾點值得注意之處

1. 完成式的否定式：如果不定式為完成式，否定詞應放在to have之前。如：

She pretended not to have seen him. 她假裝沒看見他。

You were silly not to have locked your car. 你真笨，竟然沒有把汽車鎖好。

2. 被動式的否定式：如果不定式為被動式，否定詞應放在to be之前。如：

That’s not to be taken too seriously. 這不可看得太認真。

You were lucky not to be killed. 你大難不死，真是好運氣。

3. so as to的否定式：如果不定式為so as to或in order to的被動式，則否定詞應放在to 之前，而不是放在so as to或in order to整個結構之前。如：

I’m going to leave now, so as not to be late. 我要走了，免得遲到。

I arrived early so as not to miss anything. 我到得很早，以免錯過什么。

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