given有哪些用用法

1. 用作 give 的過去分詞，引出過去分詞短語作狀語，意為“如果有……”，“假定……”等義，此時要注意其邏輯主語與句子主語保持一致，句子謂語是否用虛擬語氣，要視句子的具體含義而定。如：

Given time, they’ll probably agree. 給以時間的話，他們可能會同意。（=If we give them time…或If they are given time…）

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 要是對這些樹多加注意，它們會長得更好。（=If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better.)

2. 在現代英語中可用作介詞，后接名詞或代詞，意為“考慮到”或“鑒于”。如：

Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job. 考慮到他們缺乏經驗，這工作他們已干得很不錯了。

Given her interest in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her. 鑒于她對小孩的興趣，我敢肯定教書是她最適合的職業。

注意，given 后也可接 that 從句。如上面兩句也可以改為：

Given that they’re inexperienced, they have done a good job.

Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.

3. 用作形容詞，意為“特定的”“一定的”“規定的”等，通常用作定語。如：

The work must be done within the given time. 工作必須在規定時間內完成。

They were to meet at a given time and place. 他們定了個特定時間和地點見面。

比較下面一句，given為過去分詞，用作后置定語：

The book given to him was an English novel. (= The book which was given to him was an English novel). 送給他的那本書是本英語小說。