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二、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式

結(jié)合句子意思，考察非謂語動(dòng)詞與相應(yīng)邏輯主語的關(guān)系，若為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)式；若為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)式。此時(shí)要特別注意，過去分詞沒有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)式，因?yàn)樗�本身可以表示被�?dòng)。如：

1. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_________. (湖北卷)

A. to spend                                   B. spent               

C. being spent                               D. spending

分析：答案選B。因money與spend是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。

2. The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses _________ vacation to China. (北京卷)

A. paying                                      B. paid                

C. to be paid                                 D. being paid

分析：答案選B。因all expenses與pay是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。注意句中的an 不是修飾 expenses，而是修飾vacation。

3. When _________help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” (福建卷)

A. offering                                    B. to offer            

C. to be offered                             D. offered

分析：答案選 D。因一個(gè)人說“謝謝”，應(yīng)當(dāng)是他被提供了幫助，所以要用過去分詞，When offered help… =When he is offered help…

三、考查非謂語動(dòng)詞完成式的用法

非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式、動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞)的完成式主要表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作。做題時(shí)要注意根據(jù)題干所提供的語境來推斷這種先后關(guān)系。如：

1. The storm left, _________a lot of damage to this area. (全國(guó)卷I)

A. caused                                      B. to have caused  

C. to cause                                    D. having caused

分析：答案選D。因The storm與cause是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除選項(xiàng)A；不定式作狀語，前面通常不用逗號(hào)，排除B和C；因暴風(fēng)雨給這個(gè)地區(qū)“造成損失”是在“結(jié)束”之前，所以用完成式。

2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _________　advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. (上海卷)

A. taking                                       B. taken        

C. having taken                              D. having been taken

分析：答案選 A。因people與take advantage of是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除選項(xiàng)B和D；take不會(huì)發(fā)生在謂語are signing up之前，不用完成式，排除C。

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