just as…so… 句型的三種用法

■本站特約作者  周貞雄

just as…as…是英語中一個有用句型，歸納起來，有以下三種用法：

用法一：表示“正如……，……也……”“……就像……一樣”。如：

Just as French people enjoy their wine, so the British enjoy their beer. 英國人喜歡啤酒就如法國人喜歡嗜酒一樣。

用法二：表示“隨著……，……也……”，第一分句用 as，第二分句用 so引導。發生在第二個分句的情況在一定程度上取決于發生在第一個分句情況，而且兩種情況同時發生。如：

As the cost of keeping money in the bank increases, so it’s spent faster. 隨著在銀行存錢的費用增加，人們的錢花得也更快了。

As the genetic secrets of muscle growth unfold, so the prospects for genetically manipulating muscle fibres improve. 隨著肌肉生長的遺傳奧秘的揭開，在遺傳上控制肌肉纖維的前景也就更好。

用法三：用于 As A is to B, so C is to D 這樣的形式，意思是“C之于D，猶如A之于B”。如：

As soul is to a body, so is love [so love is] to a home. 愛之于家庭猶如靈魂之于身體。

As unselfishness is the real test of strong affection, so unselfishness ought to be the real test of the very highest kind of art. 正如無私是鐘愛的真正考驗，無私也是最高藝術的真正考驗。

補充一：該句式還有以下變體或相似表達：

■A is to B as C is to D  A之于B，猶如C之于D。如：

Air is to man as water is to fish. 空氣之于人猶如水之于魚。

Water is to fish as air is to men. 水之于魚，猶如空氣之于人。

Parks are to the city as lungs are to the body. 公園之于都市，正如肺之于人。

■A is to B what C is to D  A之于B，猶如C之于D。如：

Air is to us what water is to fish. 我們離不開空氣，就像魚兒離不開水一樣。

Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 發動機對機器之關系猶如心臟對動物之關系。

Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 讀書與思想的關系就好比食物與健康的關系。

What blood vessel is to a man’s body, railway is to transportation. 鐵路對于運輸猶如血管對于人體一樣重要。

An individual is to a country what a screw is to a machine. 一個人對于國家的作用，猶如螺絲釘對于機器同等重要。

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