8. 介詞短語(yǔ)作介詞賓語(yǔ)

Choose a book from among these. 從這些書(shū)中選一本吧。

I saw her from across the street. 我從街的對(duì)面望見(jiàn)了她。

He has known her since before the war. 自戰(zhàn)前開(kāi)始他就認(rèn)識(shí)她。

We’ve decided to go on foot instead of by bus. 我們決定步行去而不乘車去。

注：通常可后接介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)的介詞是 from, till, until, since, except, instead of 等。比較：

I took it from the bed. 我從床那兒(或床上)拿的。

I took it from under the bed. 我從床下拿的。

He didn’t arrive there till [until] midnight. 直到半夜他才到達(dá)那兒。

He didn’t arrive there till [until] after midnight. 半夜過(guò)后他才到達(dá)那兒。

9. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用作介詞賓語(yǔ)

She had no objection to Mary marrying him. 她不反對(duì)瑪麗與他結(jié)婚。

She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿著一本書(shū)走了進(jìn)來(lái)。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整個(gè)下午他都鎖著門(mén)在房里工作。

三、介詞短語(yǔ)的句法功能

1. 表語(yǔ)

He was with a friend. 他和一個(gè)朋友在一起。

Health is above wealth. 健康勝過(guò)財(cái)富。

This knife is for cutting bread. 這把小刀是用于切面包的。

注：有些介詞(如because of)引出的短語(yǔ)通常只用作狀語(yǔ)，不用作表語(yǔ)：

誤：His absence is because of the rain.

正：His absence is due to the rain. 他因雨未來(lái)。

但是，若主語(yǔ)是代詞(不是名詞)，because of 引出的短語(yǔ)可用作表語(yǔ)：

It is because of hard work. 那是因?yàn)樾量喙ぷ鞯脑�因�?/SPAN>

2. 狀語(yǔ)

Don’t touch it with your hands. 別用手去摸它。

Did you do this by design or by accident? 你這樣做是有意的還是無(wú)意的？

3. 定語(yǔ)

This is his reply to your letter. 這是他給你的回信。

This is the best way of doing it. 這是做此事最好的方法。

My love for you is deeper than the sea. 我對(duì)你的愛(ài)比海深。

4. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

I found everything in good condition. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)一切正常。

Her illness kept her in bed for a week. 她因生病在床上躺了一星期。

注：用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)在相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中則為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

He was regarded as a hero. 他被看成是英雄。

5. 賓語(yǔ)

A man stepped out from behind the wall. 一個(gè)人從墻后走出來(lái)。

He cannot spare any time except on Sunday. 除星期日外，他抽不出時(shí)間。

I won’t go home until after the exam. 我要等考完后再回家。

參見(jiàn)前面“介詞短語(yǔ)用作介詞賓語(yǔ)”一節(jié)。

6. 主語(yǔ)

Between 6 and 7 suits me. 六點(diǎn)到七點(diǎn)對(duì)我比較適合。

After the exams is the time to relax. 考試后是輕松一下的時(shí)間。

注：介詞短語(yǔ)通常不用作主語(yǔ)，盡管有時(shí)也像上面這樣用作主語(yǔ)，但通常可視為是在一定的上下文中有所省略：

“When are we going to have the next meeting?” “On Tuesday may be convenient.” “我們下次什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面？”“星期二可能比較方便。”

此句中on Tuesday 雖用作主語(yǔ)，但可視為是其前省略了meeting一詞，即：

Meeting during the vacation may be convenient.(www.hz123456.com)

四、介詞的省略

1. 介詞on的省略。表示星期、日期等的時(shí)間的介詞on有時(shí)可省略：

I’ll arrive (on) Friday. 我將星期五到。

ISee you (on) June 21st. 6月21日見(jiàn)吧。

2. 介詞for的省略

(1) 表示一段時(shí)間或距離前的介詞有時(shí)可省略：

I lived there (for) ten years. 我在那兒住了10年。

They walked (for) fifty miles. 他們走了50英里。

但在否定句中或用于句首時(shí)，介詞for通常不能省略：

For ten years he lived here. 他在這里住過(guò)10年。

We have not heard from him for a long time. 我們很久沒(méi)收到他的來(lái)信了。

上一頁(yè)  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一頁(yè)