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5. not only…but (also)…連接句子時的倒裝

Not only ______ a great writer, but ______ a great fighter.

A. he is, he is           B. is he, is he           C. is he, he is           D. he is, is he

此題應選C。即not only…but…位于句首連接兩個句子時, 通常前面一句(not only…)要倒裝, 而后面一句(but…)則不倒裝(即所謂的“前倒后不倒”)。又如：

Not only did he complain about the food, but healso refused to pay for it. 他不僅抱怨飯不好, 而且還拒絕付錢。

Not only did we lose all our money, but we alsocame close to losing our lives. 我們不僅丟了所有的錢, 而且差點喪了命。

比較以下兩結構：

1. not until…放在句首時, 要用 not until＋狀語(從句)＋倒裝的主句(即所謂的“后倒前不倒”——注意聯系英語中的“否定詞位于句首要倒裝”)：

Not until the teacher came did we leave. 直到老師來我們才離開。

Not until the war was over did he return home. 直到戰爭結束他才返回家鄉。

2. so＋adj. / adv…(that)…放在句首, 通常要倒裝前面的主句, 而后面的從句不倒裝(即所謂的“前倒后不倒”)：

So fast does light travel that it is difficultfor us to imagine its speed. 光傳播得這樣快, 以致于我們無法想象它的速度。

6. 涉及主語一致的倒裝

In the letter ______ these words, “I love you”.

A. was                      B. were                    C. saw                      D. found

此題應選B。選項A, C, D都有可能被誤選。

對于此題, 考生首先要弄清它是一個倒裝句, 其正常詞序為：These words "I love you" were in the letter. 為了結構緊湊和平衡, 才使用此倒裝句式。又如：

輪船上有2000余人。(www.hz123456.com)

正：On the ship were more than 2000 people.

正：More than 2000 people were on the ship.

值得注意的是, 以上這類倒裝句, 還涉及主謂一致問題：

墻后是一些高樹子。

正：Behind the wall are some tall trees.

誤：Behind the wall is some tall trees.

老師四周圍著一些年輕的學生。

正：Around the teacher were some young students.

誤：Around the teacher was some young students.

這兩座山之間有一個小村莊。

正：Between the two hills was a small village.

誤：Between the two hills were a small village.

盒子里有一些小球。

正：In the box are some small balls.

誤：In the box is some small balls.

這類句子, 有的考生之所出錯, 是因為他們把句首的介詞短語看作主語, 從而把謂語與介詞短語中的名詞保持一致。

關于這個問題, 有個比較簡單的方法可以判定：即在英語中介詞短語通常不能作主語, 假若一個句子的主語位置是一個介詞短語, 考生應考慮是否是一個倒裝句。

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