五、考查以形式主語引出的主語從句

當主語從句位于句首時，為避免句子顯得“頭重腳輕”，人們通常會將主語從句移到句末，而在句首使用形式主語it。這類知識點也是近幾年的高考英語的一個常考考點，同學們尤其要注意的是一些特定句式中主語從句的運用，如It’s said that…, It struck me that…, It occurred to sb that…, It remains to be seen whether…, It doesn’t matter whether…(www.hz123456.com)等。請看以下高考實例：

1. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ______ you have lived there for a short or a long time. (湖南卷)

A. why                   B. how                     C. whether              D. when

2. It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office. (江西卷)

A. whether              B. where                  C. which                 D. that

3. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike. (全國卷I)

A. how                   B. which                  C. that                      D. what

解析：第1題選C。根據(jù)句中的 or 可知，空格處應填whether。whether…or…在句中引導主語從句，句首的 it 為形式主語。

第2題選D。It occurred to sb that…為英語的固定句式，其意為“某人突然想到……”，句首的it為形式主語，其后的 that 引導真正的主語從句。句意為：他突然想起他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。

第3題選D。句中的what引導主語從句，句首的 it 為形式主語。句意為：完全不清楚總統(tǒng)要做什么才能結束那場罷工。

【碰碰高考題】（答案依次為ADCCDDA）

1. It had never occurred to him ______ he might be falling in love with her.

A. that                    B. how                   C. whether                D. when

2. It struck her ______ losing the company might be the least of her worries.

A. whether              B. where                C. which                   D. that

3. It remains to be seen ______ the cancer will respond to treatment.  

A. why                   B. how                   C. whether                D. when

4. It’s just struck me ______ I still owe you for the concert tickets.

A. how                   B. which                 C. that                      D. what

5. It never even occurred to us ______ he hadn’t been invited.

A. whether              B. where                 C. which                   D. that

6. It remains to be seen ______ the operation was successful. 

A. how                   B. which                 C. that                      D. whether

7. It doesn’t matter ______ you win or lose—it’s taking part that’s important.

A. whether               B. where                C. which                   D. that

六、考查同位語從句的“引導詞”

同位語從句是高考英語的一個重要考點，其命題切入點主要涉及“引導詞”that的用法。從語法上看，同位語從句主要用于說明或解釋所修飾名詞的具體含義或內容，與所修飾的名詞具有“等同”關系。英語中可受同位語從句修飾的名詞不多，主要的有belief, conclusion, decision, discovery, doubt, evidence, explanation, fact, hope, idea, information, impression, message, news, opinion, order, possibility, promise, proposal, question, reply, remark, report, risk, story, suggestion, thought, truth, theory, wish, word等。請看以下高考實例：

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