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高考英語(yǔ)考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的常見考點(diǎn)

■湖南  唐祁軍

一、考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的基本形式

即考查it was…that (that)…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的用法，其考點(diǎn)主要涉及句首it的正確使用（通常用this, that, he, she等進(jìn)行干擾），句中that的正確使用（通常用what, which, how, when, since, before, after, as等進(jìn)行干擾）等。如：

(1) David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _______ he chose the course. (上海卷)

A. that                B. what                 C. why                  D. how

答案為A�？疾椤�it be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that…”這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為介詞短語(yǔ)because of his strong interest in literature。

(2) I don’t mind her criticizing me, but _______ is how she does it that I object to. (江西卷)

A. it                   B. that                   C. this                   D. which

答案為A。此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)it is...that…的用法，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為how she does it。句意為：我不介意她批評(píng)我，我反對(duì)的是她批評(píng)我的方式。

二、考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)特殊疑問句形式

強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)it is (was)…that…的特殊疑問句形式為“疑問詞+is (was) it that…”。遇到這類題時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是要能夠識(shí)別它是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)根據(jù)句意或句子成分確定相應(yīng)疑問詞的選擇。如：

(1) — _______ that he manage to get the information?

—Oh, a friend of his helped him. (山東卷)

A. Where was it     B. What was it       C. How was it       D. Why was it

答案為C�？疾閺�(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊疑問句形式，根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的意思可知，問句用疑問詞how最合適。how在此表示方式。

(2) I just wonder _______ that makes him so excited. (山東卷)

A. why it does       B. what he does      C. how it is     D. what it is

答案為D。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊疑問句形式。由于其中的動(dòng)詞makes缺主語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)能用用主語(yǔ)的疑問詞，由此可排除how，故可確定正確答案只能在B和D之間；再根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的基本句式“疑問詞+is (was) it that…”可知，答案只能是D。

三、綜合考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)和not…until句式

not…until句式用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為it was not until…that…格式，命題切入點(diǎn)主要有三個(gè)方面：一是考查it was not until的正確形式（通常用其肯定式進(jìn)行干擾），二是考查其中的that的正確用法（通常用when等干擾），三是考查not until后的語(yǔ)序（應(yīng)用正常語(yǔ)序，但可能用倒裝語(yǔ)序來(lái)干擾）。如：

(1) It was ________ he came bank from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry. (江西卷)

A. when; then       B. not; until        C. not until; that     D. only; when

答案為C�？疾�not…until…的強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是it was not until…that…，如：It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness. 直到我遇到你以后，我才真正體會(huì)到幸福。

(2) It _______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _______ I found we had a lot in common. (浙江卷)

A. was until; when                       B. was until; that   

C. wasn’t until; when                   D. wasn’t until; that

答案為D。此題考查not…until…句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式It was not until…that…的用法。注意不要想當(dāng)然地將其中的that換成when。

四、綜合考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)和not…but…句式

綜合考查強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)與not…but…句式所采用的命題形式通常為it is (was) not…but…that…形式。如：

(1) It is not who is right but what is right _______ is of importance. (重慶卷)

A. which                   B. it                     C. that                       D. this

答案為C。此題考查it is…that…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not who is right but what is right，全句意為：重要的不是誰(shuí)是對(duì)的，而是什么才是對(duì)的。

(2)—I’ve read another book this week.(www.hz123456.com)

—Well, maybe ________ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (浙江卷)

A. this                       B. that                C. there                        D. it

答案為D。此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的用法。It is not how much you read but what you read that counts其實(shí)是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其意為“重要的不是你讀了多少，而是你讀了些什么”。句中的count意為“重要”“有重要性”，與動(dòng)詞matter意思相同。又如：You really count with me. 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)你確實(shí)很重要。

有時(shí)也考查not…but…的同義結(jié)構(gòu)…rather than…與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的綜合運(yùn)用。如：

(2) It is what you do rather than what you say _______matters (天津卷)

A. that                        B. what                   C. which                 D. this

答案為A。被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為what you do rather than what you say，全句意為：重要的是看你怎么做，而不是看你怎么說(shuō)。