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七種特殊情況下的主謂一致問題

一、涉及“主語+介詞短語”的主謂一致問題

當(dāng)主語后面帶有with, together with, but, like, except, including等介詞短語時(shí)，謂語與介詞短語前的主語保持一致。如：

No one but me knows him here. 除了我這里沒有一個(gè)人認(rèn)識(shí)他。

My son together with some friends is leaving for Shanghai tonight. 我兒子和幾個(gè)朋友今晚要去上海。

At least 20 passengers, including a driver were injured in the accident. 至少二十名乘客在事故中受傷，包括一名司機(jī)。

二、非謂語動(dòng)詞和從句作主語

不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

To know something about English is one thing；to know English is quite another. 懂點(diǎn)英語是一回事，掌握英語完全是另一回事。

Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

What you need is a good rest. 你需要的是好好休息。

三、指同一人或事物的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語

指同一人或事物的A and B 結(jié)構(gòu)(如knife and forks刀叉, bread and buttet黃油面包, a teacher and writer老師兼作家，fish and chips魚和炸土豆片)作主語時(shí)，謂語通常要用單數(shù)。如：

A worker and writer was present at the meeting. 一位工人作家出席了會(huì)議。

Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. 魚和炸土豆片在英國(guó)是很受歡迎的膳食。

四、one or two…與one / a…or two作主語

“one or two +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“a / one +單數(shù)名詞+or two”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

Only one or two students were late today. 今天只有一兩個(gè)同學(xué)遲到。

One student or two was late today. 今天只有一兩個(gè)同學(xué)遲到。

五、四則運(yùn)算中的主謂一致

在四則運(yùn)算中，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。如：

Three times six is eighteen. 三乘六得十八。

Three and five equals eight. 三加五等于八。

六、定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作主語

定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與先行詞一致。注意：“one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”中，從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，但若one前有the (only)時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：

Tom is one of the students who were late this morning. 湯姆是今天早上遲到的那些學(xué)生中的一個(gè)。

Tom is the only one of the students who was late this morning. 在這些學(xué)生中湯姆是今天早上唯一遲到的人。

七、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致

在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)（it is…that…）中，若強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語，that后面的謂語動(dòng)詞與被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分一致。例如：

It is I that am his English teacher. 我就是他的英語老師。