二、英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本類型

1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“should (would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：

If she were trying harder, her parents wouldn’t be so anxious. 如果她現(xiàn)在更用功些，她的父母也不會(huì)這么憂慮了。(可惜他并不用功)

If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我就可以給她打電話了。(可惜我不知道)

2. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反

若與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had+過(guò)去分詞)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“should (would, could, might)+have+過(guò)去分詞”。如：

If I’d seen you, I'd have said hello. 如果我看見(jiàn)你了，我會(huì)和你打招呼的。(不巧我沒(méi)看見(jiàn)你)

If they had invited him to the party, he would have attended it. 如果他們邀請(qǐng)了他參加晚會(huì)，他是會(huì)參加的。(但他們沒(méi)邀請(qǐng)他)

3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反

若與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“should (would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：

If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你將來(lái)成功了，一切都會(huì)好的。（但你還沒(méi)有成功）

If I asked him, I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他會(huì)幫助我們。(不過(guò)我不打算這樣做)