現(xiàn)在分詞完成式用作后置定語(yǔ)正誤談

原則上說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式不能用作后置定語(yǔ)。遇此情況可考慮改用定語(yǔ)從句。如：

我在已付款者的姓名旁畫(huà)了鉤。

正：I’ve ticked the names of the people who have paid.

誤：I’ve ticked the names of the people having paid.

她是幾位登上埃佛勒斯峰的婦女之一。

正：She’s one of the few women who have climbed Everest.

誤：She’s one of the few women having climbed Everest.

現(xiàn)在我來(lái)一個(gè)個(gè)報(bào)出本期不曾缺席的學(xué)生名單。

正：Now let me recite the names of the pupils who have not been absent this term.

誤：Now let me recite the names of the pupils not having been absent this term.

當(dāng)?shù)刈h員已受理無(wú)家可歸的六口之家的個(gè)案。

正：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six who have been left homeless.

誤：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six having been left homeless.

有許多人挺過(guò)不幸且能夠重建自己的生活。

正：There are many who have suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.

誤：There are many having suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.

最后，我想對(duì)所有那些為取得這個(gè)成果而努力工作的人們表示感謝。

正：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result.

誤：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those having worked so hard to bring about this result.

這個(gè)組織旨在為所有失去養(yǎng)老金的人向政府游說(shuō)。

正：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people who have lost their pensions.

誤：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people having lost their pensions.