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虛擬語氣的兩個常見命題角度

1. 直接考查虛擬語氣的用法

—Don’t you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?

— I agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that

B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what

D. should not send; what

答案為B。因為necessary后的從句要用“(should+)動詞原形”，排除選項A；因he與send是被動關(guān)系，send要用被動式，排除選項D；答句中的表語從句中不缺任何句子成分，用that。值得說明的是，refuse to后省略了be sent to New York。

2. 利用虛擬語氣背景進行命題

(1)_______ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.

A. If                        B. Since

C. Though           D. When

答案為A。全句使用的是虛擬語氣背景，if在此引出一個虛擬條件。

(2) If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ______ in science and technology.

A. had discovered

B. had been discovered

C. has discovered

D. has been discovered

答案為D。此題可用排除法來做。根據(jù)what與discover的關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，即指被發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西，故可排除選項A和C；由于句子使用了虛擬語氣， 所以此題的迷惑性很大，許多考生會誤選B。其實，由于句中的虛擬語氣是對現(xiàn)的情況進行假設(shè)（注意句中的today），而且“在科學和技術(shù)方面所取得的發(fā)現(xiàn)”指的是現(xiàn)在的事實，而非假設(shè)，所以此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時，而不能用過去完成時。