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中考英語語法完全突破——定語從句 | |||
作者:admin 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數: 更新時間:2017/3/16 |
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考點2 考查關系代詞的省略問題 在通常情況下,關系代詞是不能省略的。但有一種例句,就是當關系代詞作賓語時,它可以省略(不管是指人還是指物)。如: Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎? Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰? 但是,當關系代詞在定語從句中用作主語時,是絕不能省略的。如: 他就是住在隔壁的那個人。 誤:He is the man lives next door. 正:He is the man who lives next door. 另外,即使是用作賓語,如果是緊跟在介詞后也不能省略。如: 這就是他向他們說過的那所房子。 誤:It was the house about he had told them. 正:It was the house about which he had told them. 【考例1】This is the novel ________ is written by Guo Jingming. (山東德州中考題) A. who B. what C. that D. 不填 【分析】答案選C。由于what不是關系代詞,不能引導定語從句,故可排除B;又由于先行詞novel指物,所以不能選指人的who,故可排除A;又因為關系代詞在定語從句中用作主語,所以不能省略,故可排除D。 【考例2】The skirt ________ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it. (湖北孝感中考題) A. what B. 不填 C. that D. it (www.hz123456.com) 【分析】答案選C。由于what和it不能用作關系代詞,不能引導定語從句,所以排除A和D;又因為關系代詞在定語從句中用作主語,所以不能省略,故選C。 考點3 考查關系代詞that與which的區別 兩者均可用于指物,通常可互換。如: That is the house that [which] we built. 這就是我們蓋的房子。 She was not in the train which [that] arrived just now. 她不在剛到的那列火車上。 但是,that可以指人,而which不能指人。如: Who is the man that you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰? She is the girl that you saw in school. 她就是你在學校見到的那個女孩。 另外,在以下情況,通常用that引導定語從句: 1. 當先行詞是every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等不定代詞或受其修飾時。如: Take anything that you want. 你想要什么,就拿什么。 Everything that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必須做。 2. 當先行詞受the very, the only, the same 等修飾時。如: This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個。 This is the very watch that I lost yesterday. 這就是我昨天不見了的表。 3. 當先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時。如: It was the largest map that I ever saw. 那是我所看見過的最大的地圖。 This is the best picture that he has ever painted. 這是他所畫的畫當中最好的一幅。 4. 當先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時。如: They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談論了使他們印象最深的人和事。 【考例】I’ve found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. (山東煙臺中考題) A. where B. which C. what D. that 【分析】答案選D。由于what不是關系代詞,不能引導定語從句,所以排除C;通過分析定語從句的句子結構可知,該定語從句的謂語動詞visit缺賓語,由此可排除關系副詞where(因為關系副詞只能用作狀語);另外,由于先行詞受到最高級的修飾,故應選關系代詞that,而不選which。 上一頁 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一頁 引用地址: |
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