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如何區分such as與for example的用法

一、兩者的用法共同點

such as與for example均可用于表示舉例，有時可互換。如：

Some sports, such as (=for example) motor racing, can be dangerous. 有些體育運動，比如賽車，有時是很危險的。

My wife likes social activities, such as (=for example) tennis and golf. 我妻子喜愛社交活動，如打網球和高爾夫球等。

二、兩者的用法不同點

such as除表示舉例外，還可表示諸如此類，意思是“像……這樣的”“諸如……之類的”，此時不宜與for example互換（但可與表示諸如此類意思的like互換）。如：

Opportunities such as (=like) this did not come every day. 這樣的機會不是天天都有的。

Avoid unhealthy foods such as (=like) hamburger and chips. 不要吃漢堡和薯條之類的不健康食品。

另外，such as有時可分開用，但for example不能分開用。如：

The disease attacks such animals as cats and dogs. 這種病只侵襲像貓狗一類的動物。(比較：The disease attacks animals such as cats and dogs.)

三、兩者位置的不同點

such as用于舉例時，總是跟在被說明的內容之后，不能獨立成句，也不能用于句首或句末，其后也不能用逗號，但for example可以。如：

Each situation is different. For example, a man with a rich wife doesn’t have to work. 情況各有不同，例如，娶了有錢妻子的男人就不必工作。

You make too many mistakes—lots of spelling mistakes, for example. 你的錯誤太多——比如，有好多拼法錯誤。

【邊學邊練】用such as, for example, like填空：

1. After talking about the job in general, we got down to the specifics, ________ the salary.

2. Carmakers use robots to do unpleasant jobs, ________ painting cars in hot conditions.

3. There is a real risk of injury in sports ________ climbing.

4. There are many big cities in Europe, ________, London, Paris and Rome.

5. ________, we are to have less clothes, coal and food even than we have had and less petrol than we expected.

6. I know many women who have a career and a family Alison ________.

7. Great men have risen from poverty—Lincoln and Edison, ________.

8. Many young people are taking radio courses in English. There is the boy next door, ________.

參考答案：1. such as / for example  2. such as / for example  3. such as / like  4. for example  5. For example  6. for example  7. for example  8. for example