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巧借并列連詞破解非謂語動詞陷阱題
英語中的并列連詞不多，常見的只有and, or, but, yet等，并且其用法也不復雜，在高考英語中直接考查并列連詞用法的考題比較少見。但是，這并不意味著你就可對并列連詞“置之不理”，因為命題者雖然不會直接考查并列連詞的用法，但他們卻經常把并列連詞作為一種設計陷阱題的工具，把一些本來很容易的考點設計成難題，甚至陷阱題。本文擬就如何巧借并列連詞破解非謂語動詞難題或陷阱題作一分析。
一、借并列連詞識別平行結構
根據英語語法習慣，用并列連詞連接的兩個語法成分通常應是平行的、對等的。若并列連詞連接的是兩個非謂語動詞，原則上說它們應是同一形式——同為不定式，或同為-ing分詞，或同為-ed分詞。如：
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一個好習慣。
Shops were open, especially places which sold things to eat and to drink. 店鋪都開著，尤其是賣飲食的店鋪。
To mean to do something and to do something actually are two different things. 打算做一件事和實際上做一件事完全是兩回事。
有些用than連接的非謂語動詞也往往需要一致的形式。如：
Friendship is like money: easier made than kept. 友誼像金錢——掙來容易維持難。
“Why don’t you get yourself a job?” “That’s easier said than done.” “你怎么不找個工作呢?”“說起來容易，找起來難哪！”
請看一道高考題：
It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _________ better ones of your own. (北京卷)
A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
此題答案為C。句中的并列連詞and連接的是兩個對稱的并列成分，由于其前的considering…為動名詞，所以空格處也要用動名詞。
請再看兩道相關的考題：
1. The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _________ work for young people.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing D. provided
答案為B。not…but連接兩個不定式作表語，所以選B。句意為：這個計劃的目的不是為了幫助雇主，而是為了給年輕人提供工作機會。
2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _________ it more difficult. (zn)
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
答案為B。空格處填不定式是為了與前面的to make life easier保持一致。句意為：新技術的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，而不是為了使生活變得更困難。
3. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _________. (上海卷)
A. he’d like to collect coins as well
B. he feels like collecting coins, too
C. to collect coins is also his hobby
D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure
答案為D。并列連詞and連接兩個結構平行的句子構成一個并列句，比較前后兩個句子結構，顯然只有D最合適。
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