過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法提醒

過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)，有時(shí)也表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間結(jié)束。如：

When I turned around, the boy had disappeared. 我一轉(zhuǎn)身男孩就不見(jiàn)了。

He asked if Mary had been sent to hospital. 他問(wèn)瑪麗是否已被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。

注：某些表示“想法”的動(dòng)詞(如intend / think / plan / expect / hope等)的過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、希望或打算。如：

He had hoped to find a job soon. 他本來(lái)希望很快找到工作。

I had intended to come to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. 我原打算昨晚來(lái)看你，但有人來(lái)訪，我拖不開(kāi)身。

若意思明確，以上過(guò)去完成時(shí)有時(shí)可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替。

另外，在hardly / scarcely…when…和no sooner…than 這類固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句時(shí)態(tài)總是要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

We had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke. 我們剛出發(fā)就下起一陣?yán)妆��?/SPAN>

Hardly were the words uttered than he began to regret them. 話剛說(shuō)出口他就開(kāi)始后悔了。