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含有定語從句的一系列難題

■請看下面的題：

How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.

A. to has come                                    B. to have come

C. to having come                                D. has come

【分析】其實正確答案是A。大家知道，短語 look forward to意為“盼望”，其中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號，所以后接動詞要用動名詞，許多同學據此便選擇了C。但問題是，句中介詞 to 的賓語不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday為句子主語，we have been looking forward to 是修飾主語的定語從句(介詞 to 的賓語是引導該定語從句的關系代詞 that，被省略)，has come 是句子謂語。

請做以下類似試題：

■The man you referred to _____ just now.

A. comes                                           B. come

C. coming                                          D. came

【分析】答案選 D，句子主語為 the man，you referred to 為修飾 the man 的定語從句，空白處填 came，為句子謂語。

■The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.

A. proves                                          B. prove

C. proving                                         D. be proved

【分析】答案選 A，he sticks to 是修飾主語 the theory 的定語從句，句子的基本結構為 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.

■The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.

A. was                                             B. be

C. being                                           D. been

【分析】答案選 A，he devoted his time to 是修飾主語 the work 的定語從句。句子的基本結構為 The work was worth praising.

■I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.

A. to help                                          B. help

C. helping                                          D. helped

【分析】答案是 A。句中空格處填的動詞help 并不是 finish 的賓語，正確的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修飾名詞 the very work 的定語從句，finish 的賓語是引導該定語從句的關系代詞 that，其后的不定式 to help her 是目的狀語。

■Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?

A. spending                                        B. being spent

C. spend                                            D. to spend

【分析】答案選 D。enjoy 的賓語是句首的疑問詞 which，不是其后的動詞 spending。此題中的 to spend… 用作目的狀語。

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