![]() ![]() |
learn可以用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞嗎? |
作者:李 翔 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2010-01-06 文章錄入:lx612800 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
|
三、分析論證 從以上兩種截然不同的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比中,我們可以看出:認(rèn)為learn不可以用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,不可以和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配用于完成體或完成進(jìn)行體的代表性語法專著主要是母語為非英語的語法專家學(xué)者編撰的,他們可能多多少少受到母語影響,從而片面夸大learn 和study的區(qū)別,卻割裂了二者之間的聯(lián)系。例如中國的語法專家學(xué)者可能受漢語的影響,片面地把learn和漢語中的“學(xué)會(huì)”對(duì)等起來,認(rèn)為learn只能表示“學(xué)”的結(jié)果,而不能表示“學(xué)”的過程,結(jié)果自己為自己設(shè)置陷阱,以至于無法解釋上文提及的眾多的learn用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配用于完成體或完成進(jìn)行體的例證。 認(rèn)為learn可以用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可以和“for+若干時(shí)間搭配”用于完成體或完成進(jìn)行體的代表性語法專著,主要是母語為英語的語法專家學(xué)者編撰的,也有母語為非英語的語法專家學(xué)者編撰的。前者對(duì)自己母語的掌握自不必說;而后者卻能擺脫自己母語的束縛,既看到learn 和study之間有區(qū)別,不能混用,也看到二者之間有聯(lián)系,有時(shí)可以互換。 以上只是語法專家學(xué)者自己的看法,其他人士(主要是英美人士)也認(rèn)同learn可以用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可以和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配主要用于完成進(jìn)行體。請(qǐng)看例證: 1. BNC(英國國家語料庫http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk): 和BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/: (1) ...; the children had been learning English for six months. (2) I've been learning the ancient Japanese martial art of san tu dang for about 10 years now and that helps me keep my weight constant. (3) MUSICAL CHEERS "Timothy, four, has been learning cello for a few months and loves it. (4) For the past three years Brenda has been learning German at the Open Learning Centre on site and she puts it to good use on frequent trips abroad. (5) It was the first public appearance for Caroline, who has been learning the belly dance for about eight months. 2. TIME CORPUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (1923-2006) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) (http://corpus.byu.edu/time): 1950/02/13 Dockers' sons and farmers' sons from three-R grade schools were mixed in with middle-class youngsters who had been learning Latin since they were seven. 3. BUY CORPUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2008) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/: 2007 At the time of the study, Participants 1 and 2 had been learning braille for about 12 months, and Participant 6 had started braille instruction. 四、得出結(jié)論 從以上不難得出結(jié)論:learn的的確確可以用作延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)語法規(guī)則,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配用于完成體或完成進(jìn)行體,這可能是語法專家學(xué)者堅(jiān)持 learn可以和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配用于完成體或完成進(jìn)行體的原因,然而其他英美人士卻更習(xí)慣用完成進(jìn)行體和“for+若干時(shí)間”搭配來表示“學(xué)”的過程,用完成體來表示“學(xué)”的結(jié)果,正如語言學(xué)家Edward Spair所說“條條語法規(guī)則有例外。”,或另一位語言學(xué)家所說“語法必須在慣用法面前低頭。” ■感謝李翔老師對(duì)本站的支持和厚愛!本文為本站首發(fā),如有兄弟網(wǎng)站轉(zhuǎn)載本文,務(wù)請(qǐng)注明來源,同時(shí)帶上本站的有效鏈接!
|
![]() ![]() |