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原來enjoy之后可以接動詞不定式
本站特約作者 李 翔
請看對enjoy用法的論述：
1. Randolph Quirk 等著 A Grammar of Contemporary English P835:
He enjoys visiting (﹡to visit ) his mother-in-law.
2. 顧南華在其編著的《英語動詞與非限定動詞搭配指南》(華中理工大學(xué)出版社1996年8月第1版)p3-5指出：
國內(nèi)外有關(guān)著作中認(rèn)為(筆者注：enjoy)只接-ing形式的動詞。其中的“國內(nèi)外有關(guān)著作”包括：C. E. Eckersley J. M. Eckersley A Comprehensive English Grammar，L. G . 亞歷山大《朗文英語語法》，章振邦《新編英語語法》，王嘉齡《英語非謂語動詞》和江蓮英《英語語法分析》。
3. 廖文淵編著《英語動詞后接動名詞用法指南》(湖北教育出版社1989年9月第1版) p26：
有些語法家如H . E . Palmer與M . Ganshina等認(rèn)為此詞(筆者注：指enjoy)后也接不定式，但未舉例。The Oxford English Dictionary認(rèn)為口語或俚語中可接不定式。我們認(rèn)為不宜模仿。Jespersen認(rèn)為幾乎總是接動名詞。參閱他編著的A Modern English Grammar V第194頁。另外1973年第二版的 A Grammar of Contemporary English第835頁認(rèn)為只接 –ing形式。我們認(rèn)為此詞只能接動名詞，不能接不定式。
She would greatly enjoy to dance at the ball once more. —The Oxford English Dictionary
她非常喜歡再次在舞會上跳舞。
另外，中國出版的大量語法專著和詞典中鮮有論及enjoy之后可以接動詞不定式的，enjoy之后只能接 –ing形式可以說鐵證如山。然而這種說法似乎并非無懈可擊。盡管廖文淵教授本人認(rèn)為enjoy之后“只能接動名詞，不能接不定式”，但他卻提到有些語法家如H . E . Palmer與M . Ganshina等認(rèn)為此詞后也接不定式，但未舉例。The Oxford English Dictionary認(rèn)為口語或俚語中可接不定式。由此看來，仍有少數(shù)人認(rèn)為enjoy之后不只能接動名詞，還能接不定式， 盡管是在口語或俚語中。
而事實是：無論在美國英語中還是英國英語中，enjoy之后接不定式的用法一直存在，只不過被人們忽視了。請看例證：
1. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED CD V3)：b. with inf. as obj. colloq. or vulgar.
1864 Realm 22 June 3 She would greatly enjoy to dance at a ball once more.
2. BNC(英國國家語料庫http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk):
和BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/：
CS3 This organizational logic further increases the discretion which leaders enjoy to direct organizational activities towards their own purposes, even if this shift means betraying the rank and file's interests.
GVR It remains to be seen whether this new power will be used in such a way as to augment the existing powers that the police enjoy to give directions to prevent the occurrence of a breach of the peace.
J78 …; they may have to forgo some of the comparative freedom they enjoy to publish facts and opinions which are not.
HH2 Such restrictions would remove any rights GPs currently enjoy to choose where to refer their patients.
JYF "I can walk," she began, and might have added that she would have enjoyed to do that --; had she got the chance.
K5A Their press conference at the Balmoral Hotel began with an impromptu showing of a video prepared by the Welsh Institute of Sport which manager Robert Norster said that his charges enjoyed to watch as relaxation "over and above the analytical stuff!
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