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英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)有哪些種類(lèi)
■本站特約作者 陳根花
英語(yǔ)中的狀語(yǔ)按其用途，可以分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、方面狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、目的狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ)、程度狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)等11種。
一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
She is to be married next month. 她預(yù)定在下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。
I’ll meet you at 4 o’clock. 我將在4點(diǎn)鐘和你見(jiàn)面。
A lot of students missed my lecture yesterday. 昨天許多學(xué)生誤了我的課。
二、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
He lives over the mountain. 他住在山的那一邊。
I first met him in Paris. 我初次見(jiàn)到他是在巴黎。
The children are swimming in the river. 孩子們正在河里游泳。
注：地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)除表位置外，還可以表“出發(fā)”“去向”“距離”等。如：
Are you glad to be going back to school? 返回學(xué)校你感到高興嗎?
They lived many miles from the town. 他們住的地方離鎮(zhèn)子好幾英里遠(yuǎn)。
三、方面狀語(yǔ)
She is very weak in physics. 她物理很不行。
China is very rich in natural resources. 中國(guó)自然資源豐富。
This is better in every way than that. 這個(gè)在哪一方面都比那個(gè)要好。
The bridge is 2500 meters in length and 150 meters in height. 這座橋長(zhǎng)2500米，高150米。
四、原因狀語(yǔ)
He was surprised at what she said. 聽(tīng)到她說(shuō)的話，他很吃驚。
He succeeded by hard work. 他由于努力工作而成功。
He was sent to prison for robbery. 他因?yàn)閾尳俣巍?/SPAN>
Last week she fell ill from cold. 上星期她著涼生病了。
We’re proud of our motherland. 我們?yōu)樽鎳?guó)感到驕傲。
五、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
He talked his wife into buying a car. 他說(shuō)服他妻子買(mǎi)一輛小汽車(chē)。
The box is too heavy for me to lift. 這個(gè)箱子太重了，我提不動(dòng)。
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. 大雨滂沱，造成了那個(gè)國(guó)家洪水泛濫。
He went to Africa in 1963, never to come back. 他在1963年到非洲，然后就再也沒(méi)回來(lái)過(guò)了。
六、目的狀語(yǔ)
They went out for a walk. 他們出去散步了。
He saves on behalf of his son. 他為兒子存錢(qián)。
He stood aside for her to pass. 他靠邊站讓她過(guò)去。
He cupped his ear to hear better. 他的手捂著耳朵，以便聽(tīng)得更清楚。
He went to the south in search of a better life. 他去南方尋求更好的生活。
I went to France not to study French, but to study architecture. 我去法國(guó)不是為了學(xué)法語(yǔ)，而是為了學(xué)建筑。
七、條件狀語(yǔ)
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎？
United, we stand；divided, we fall. 團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。
With more money I would be able to buy it. 錢(qián)多一點(diǎn)的話，我就買(mǎi)得起。
To look at him you could hardly help laughing. 看到他你就會(huì)忍不住笑起來(lái)。
We must be losing at least a third of our staff under new technology. 在新的技術(shù)條件下，我們必定要解雇至少三分之一的員工。
Weather permitting, we’ll have the match tomorrow. 天氣允許的話，我們將于明天進(jìn)行比賽。
八、讓步狀語(yǔ)
For all his money, he’s a very lonely man. 他雖然富有，可是非常寂寞。
Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill. 卡洛爾盡管感到不舒服仍去上了班。
With all his efforts, he lost the match. 雖然盡了全力，他還是輸了那場(chǎng)比賽。
You couldn’t do that to save your life. 你即使為了救自己的命也不能那樣做。
Laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy. 人人都嘲笑他，但我卻同情他。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 他們盡管了解這一切，還是要我賠償損失。
九、程度狀語(yǔ)
I don’t like coffee very much. 我不太喜歡咖啡。
To a great extent, it is not fair. 在很大程度上，這是不公平的。
The system which is used in this school is very successful. 這個(gè)學(xué)校所施行的制度是非常成功的。
十、方式狀語(yǔ)
We came on the bus. 我們坐公共汽車(chē)來(lái)的。
You must pay the bill in cash. 你必須用現(xiàn)金付賬。
I watched the game on television. 我在電視上收看了那場(chǎng)比賽。
We see with our eyes, and hear with our ears. 我們用眼睛看，用耳朵聽(tīng)。
I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement. 我從報(bào)上的廣告中知道了這個(gè)工作。
十一、伴隨狀語(yǔ)
I slept with the window open. 我開(kāi)著窗睡覺(jué)。
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含著淚水說(shuō)再見(jiàn)。
He ran up to her breathing heavily. 他氣喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他滿(mǎn)臉是汗跑進(jìn)屋來(lái)。
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