■ 替代詞that與those有何區別

1. that用作替代詞主要用于替代“the+單數名詞(可數或不可數)”，表特指。如：

A dog’s intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. 狗的智慧比貓的高得多。

A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任務比父母的任務要輕松一些。

2. those用作替代詞主要用于替代復數名詞，表特指。如：

It’s up to us to help those in need. 我們有責任幫助那些有困難的人。

It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 據說吃得最多的人身體最差。

Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些預先訂票的人可以進去。

■ 替代詞that與it有何區別

替代詞that與代詞it的用法不同，that用于指代前面提到的“同類”事物，而it主要指代前面提到的“同一”事物。如：

The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中國人口比日本人口多得多。

I’m taking a raincoat with me in case I need it. 我隨身帶有雨衣，以備不時不需。

■ 替代詞those與they有何區別

替代詞those與代詞they用法也不同，those是指代前面提到的“同類”事物，而they (以及賓格them)主要指代前面提到的“同一”事物。如：

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 紅色光線的波長約為藍色波長的兩倍。

If the children were to go to the seaside, they would be happy. 如果去海邊的話，孩子們會很高興的。

His books are wonderful. I’ve read every one of them. 他的書寫得好極了，我每一本都讀過了。

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