make oneself understand還是make oneself understood

I found I could easily make myself _________ by using sign language.

A. understood          B. understand          C. to understand      D. being understood

答案選A，但容易誤選B，即硬套“make + 名詞或代詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。但是對于該結(jié)構(gòu)同學(xué)們忽略了一點(diǎn)，就是該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞或代詞應(yīng)與其后動(dòng)詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而對于上面一題，myself 與其后的動(dòng)詞 understand 顯然不是主謂關(guān)系，而是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，或者說是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此時(shí)的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。又如：

(1) As a teacher, you should make yourself _________.

A. respect                 B. respecting             C. respected              D. to respect

(2) He spoke loudly so as to make his voice _________.

A. hear                     B. hearing                 C. heard                   D. to hear

(3) Do you know what made her so _________?

A. frighten                B. frightening            C. frightened             D. to frighten

(4) When you speak English, be sure to make yourself _________.

A. understand            B. understanding        C. understood           D. to understand

答案均選C，即用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義（其中 frightened 可視為形容詞）。