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關(guān)閉窗口 涉及垂懸分詞的一道典型考題
請(qǐng)看下面一題：
Finding her car stolen, _________.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，因?yàn)閺臐h語(yǔ)角度來(lái)看，車子被盜，就應(yīng)該叫來(lái)警察。但如果選 A，會(huì)導(dǎo)致句子主語(yǔ)與分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致，構(gòu)成所謂的垂懸分詞。其實(shí)，此題最佳答案選 D，因?yàn)榫涫子米鳡钫Z(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) finding her car stolen 的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是“她”，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等，按照英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，在通常情況下，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致，所以最佳答案為D。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆韵骂愃评樱?/SPAN>
(1) To master a foreign language, _________.
A. the school needs a foreign teacher
B. a good teacher is needed
C. a lot of practice is needed
D. one must have a lot of practice
【分析】此題答案選D，因?yàn)?/FONT> to master a foreign language 的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是 one，而不是其他。
(2) _________ many times, he still didn’t understand it.
A. Having been told B. Though to be told
C. Having told D. He was told
【分析】此題答案選A，因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)句意，he 與 tell 應(yīng)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；另外，從時(shí)間上看，應(yīng)該是“被告訴”在先，“沒(méi)有理解”在后，故要用 having been told 這一現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式。注意不能選D，因?yàn)?/FONT> He was told 與 he still didn’t understand it 這兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間缺乏必要的銜接關(guān)系(參見(jiàn)下一題)。
(3) _________ many times, but he still didn’t understand it.
A. Having been told B. Though he was told
C. To have been told D. He was told
【分析】此題答案選D，句中的并列連詞 but 表明整個(gè)句子為并列句，同時(shí)表明 but 前應(yīng)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，而不能是一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(所以不能選A或C)，又因?yàn)?/FONT> though 為從屬連詞，用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，它與連接并列句的并列連詞 but 不“兼容”，所以也不能選B。
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