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獨立主格類型1：名詞（代詞）+現在分詞
The question being settled, we went home. 問題解決之后，我們就回家了。
We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假設天氣好，我們就進行比賽。
The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班長病了，我們最好還是延期開會吧。
獨立主格類型2：名詞（代詞）+過去分詞
The job finished, we went home. 工作結束后我們就回家了。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公車已經走了，我們必須走路回家。
More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果給我們更多的時間，我們會把工作做得更好。
獨立主格類型3：名詞（代詞）+不定式
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天沒有人來，我們將把會議推遲到下周。
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人來幫助他，他一定會成功的。
獨立主格類型4：名詞（代詞）+介詞短語
The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵們端著槍沖了進來。
A girl came in, book in hand. 一個少女進來了，手里拿著書。
He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等著，眼睛望著她的背影。
獨立主格類型5：名詞（代詞）+形容詞或副詞
He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排，嘴半開著。
She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前，衣領已解掉，頭低了下來，拿好鋼筆，準備開始寫一封長信。
獨立主格類型6：There being +名詞（代詞）
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 沒有別的事可做，我們就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 沒有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會。
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