非謂語動詞being done結構有哪些用法

being done如果構成謂語只有一種可能，就是與動詞be一起構成被動語態的進行時態。如：

Your steak is being grilled and will be ready in a minute. 您的牛排正在烤著，馬上就好。

Unfortunately, my car broke down and I was stuck there while it was being repaired. 不幸的是，我的車壞了，在修車的時候，我就被困在那里。

但是，作為非謂語動詞的being done，其用法則比較復雜，也比較容易用錯，本文幫同學們歸納如下。

1. 用作定語

當非謂語動詞being done用作定語時，只能置于被修飾名詞之后，表示一個正在進行的被動動作。如：

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看見那個男孩受到警察的盤問了嗎?

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down. 我們要減少砍伐的樹的數量。

注意：being done, to be done與done均可用作后置定語，其區別為：being done表示正在發生的被動動作；to be done表示將要發生的被動動作；而done表示已經發生的被動動作。比較：

(1) The play________ last month aimed mainly to reflect the local culture.

A. produced              B. being produced

C. to be produced      D. having been produced

(2) The play________ now aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

A. produced              B. being produced

C. to be produced      D. having been produced

(3) The play________ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. (2009安徽卷)

A. produced              B. being produced

C. to be produced      D. having been produced

根據每句空格后的時間狀語last month, now, next month可知，第(1)題的答案應選A，第(2)題的答案應選B，第(3)題的答案應選C。

如果你明白了這個區別，不僅上面這道安徽卷考題你可以輕松地做出來，而且下面這道山東卷考題也就變得很容易了(答案為A)：

We are invited to a party ________ in our club next Friday.

A. to be held             B. held                      C. being held             D. holding

2. 用作主語

being done可以用于句首作主語，表示一個被動的動作。如：

Being sent to prison was the final degradation. 墮落到最后的地步就是被關進監獄。

Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代價是不管你走到哪里，都會被人認出來。

有時用作主語的being done可能是系表結構。如：

Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路可能是一種很可怕的經歷。

3. 用作賓語

being done不僅可以用于動詞后作賓語，而且可以用作介詞后作賓語，也是表示一個被動的動作。如：

He tried to escape being punished. 他設法逃避懲罰。

He dyed his beard to avoid being recognized. 他染了胡子，以免我們認出他。

Everybody enjoys being spoiled from time to time. 誰都喜歡偶爾讓人寵一寵。

You have to wait in a large entrance hall before being shown into the court proper. 進入皇宮時先要在入口大廳等候，由人帶領進入正殿。

After [On] being informed the flight would be delayed, we made other arrangements. 在我們得知飛機要推遲起飛后，我們另作了安排。

請看下面一道考題：

I still remember ________ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.

A. to take                  B. to be taken            C. taking                   D. being taken

從句意上看，“我”與“帶去法門寺”之間為被動關系，即“我是被帶去法門寺”，所以首先應排除表示主動意義的A和C；再從語法上看，remember后接不定式或動名詞均可，但有區別：接不定式表示記住去做未做的事，接動名詞表示記住已經做過或發生過的事，根據句意和句子中saw用的是一般過去時可知，應用動名詞，即答案為D。

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