幾類常見的部分倒裝句類型

1. 否定型倒裝

在正式文體中，如果將never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意義的副詞若位于句首，則其后的句子要用部分倒裝。如：

后來我再也沒見到過他了。

I never saw him again.

→Never did I see him again.

他很少出去吃飯。

He seldom goes out for dinner.

→Seldom does he go out for dinner.

她幾乎沒時(shí)間聽音樂。

She hardly has time to listen to music.

→Hardly does she have time to listen to music.

他幾乎沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到他面臨的危險(xiǎn)。

He little realized the danger he faced.

→Little did he realize the danger he faced.

對(duì)于not…until句型，當(dāng)not until…位于句首時(shí)，其后的主句要用倒裝語序。如：

雨停了之后他才離開這房間。

He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped.

→Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room.

某些起副詞作用的介詞短語，由于含有否定詞，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒裝。如：

On no accounts must this switch be touched. 這個(gè)開關(guān)是絕不能觸摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.無論如何我也不會(huì)再借錢給他了。

2. only型倒裝

當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語受副詞only的修飾且置于句首時(shí)，其后用部分倒裝語序。如：

Only in this way can we learn English. 只有這樣才能學(xué)會(huì)英語。

Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那時(shí)我才明白她的意思。

Only for the love of his family does he do such hard work. 只為了他對(duì)家庭的愛，他做這么辛苦的工作。

3. so型倒裝

當(dāng)副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時(shí)，其后通常用部分倒裝。如：

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好呆在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我們幾乎沒法想象它的速度。

So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 襲擊來得非常突然，我們來不及逃跑。

以so開頭的句子還有這樣一種倒裝——表示前面提出的某一肯定的情況也同樣適合于后者，這類倒裝的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“so+助動(dòng)詞+主語”。如：

You are young and so am I. 你年輕，我也年輕。

She likes music and so do I. 她喜歡音樂，我也喜歡。

If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。

4. not only型倒裝

當(dāng)not only…but also位于句首引出句子時(shí)，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒裝形式。如：

Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不僅是一位教師，而且是一位詩人。

Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不僅他講得更正確，也講得更不費(fèi)勁了。