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英語好作文的有哪些標(biāo)準(zhǔn) |
作者:柏承文 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-04-06 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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英語好作文的有哪些標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ■湖南 柏承文 1. 卷面是否工整整齊 高考閱卷時(shí)間緊,任務(wù)重,如果你的卷面不整潔、書寫不工整,那么閱卷老師看了心情就不好,即使你的文章寫得再好,也不可能得高分。試想兩篇內(nèi)容一模一樣的文章,一篇字跡工整,一篇潦草,要你來打分,分?jǐn)?shù)肯定不同,所以書寫非常重要,這一點(diǎn)一定要切記。 2. 是否使用高級結(jié)構(gòu) 高考英語書面表達(dá)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔(很好)中有這樣一段話:“應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有少量錯(cuò)誤,但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致。”這就是說,學(xué)生僅運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)的詞匯和基本的句型,不能體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力,即使表達(dá)無語法錯(cuò)誤,也不能得高分;相反即使有少量錯(cuò)誤,目的在有意識地使用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯也不扣分,仍屬于最高檔次。高考把寫作要求提到了這樣一個(gè)高度,有利于反映學(xué)生的水平層次,有利于指導(dǎo)教學(xué)。原來“要點(diǎn)完整、語言無誤、行文連貫、表達(dá)清楚”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就過時(shí)了。 3. 是否恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用過渡詞 恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用過渡詞可以使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,過渡自然,避免脫節(jié)現(xiàn)象。表時(shí)間的銜接詞有then、as time goes by、day after day、gradually、finally等,表因果關(guān)系的詞有as a result、because of、thanks to等。 對于這樣一段話“Usually if you read the weather forecast in the newspaper, it will help you to predict how the day will turn out. But it’s not so in Britain.” 如果運(yùn)用連接詞contrary to并且變換一下句式,將其變?yōu)?/FONT>Contrary to popular belief, reading the weather forecast carefully in the newspaper will not help you to predict how the day will turn out則顯得更簡潔、更緊湊。可見恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用連接詞和變換句式可以收到以少量詞表達(dá)出豐富意思的效果。 4. 是否恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用修辭 眾所周知,恰當(dāng)?shù)男揶o可以使文章更生動(dòng)形象。我們高中寫的大多是記敘文,這就有了比喻、擬人等修辭方法應(yīng)該發(fā)揮作用的地方。有這樣一幅圖畫,上面畫的是一塊從一個(gè)下水渠口飛出的一塊西瓜砸中了小明(肇事者,是他把西瓜扔到下水渠的。但是下水渠里有修理工,他也把西瓜扔了出來。) 多數(shù)同學(xué)描述為Xiaoming was hit by the piece of water-melon或The piece of water-melon hit Xiaoming on his head。若用上比喻擬人修辭,則可描述為The piece of water-melon, like a flying bullet, whose target was Xiaoming’s head, jumped out of the cloacae (下水道) and hit exactly on its target.” 顯而易見,后者更生動(dòng)形象。 5. 文章是否條理清楚 條理性是指要合理布局文章結(jié)構(gòu)。首先,在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。例如:題目要求寫一篇記述文,我們可以按照事情發(fā)展的先后順序來寫;若介紹某一場所,可按照空間順序來安排行文順序;若是一篇議論文,就應(yīng)該按照所議論觀點(diǎn)的順序來安排結(jié)構(gòu)。全文結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)注意首尾呼應(yīng),前后相聯(lián)。其次,根據(jù)需要安排好段落,各段之間要層次分明,每一段落的開頭和結(jié)尾也要重視,開頭語往往是總起句,結(jié)尾往往是總結(jié)句。請看下面這篇高考英語書面表達(dá)范文: I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. Although the city is modern and convenient, there are still some problems, such as air pollution, crowdedness and noise. In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. Trees are green and birds are singing. I can also go boating, fishing and swimming in the lake. What’s more, I can climb the hills. All this will be interesting and good for my health. Above all, I can learn more about nature. So I want to go to the countryside for a change. I’m looking forward to the coming of my summer holiday. 開頭語I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside是總起句。結(jié)尾So I want to go to the countryside for a change. I’m looking forward to the coming of my summer holiday是總結(jié)句。
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