哪些詞在句中不擔任句子成分

一般說來，虛詞在句中不能單獨擔任句子成分。

一、冠詞：置于名詞之前

The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris. 老板和他的秘書正飛往巴黎。

It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 這是一項其細節不可更改的協定。

Her birthday is next Monday, so I must buy her a present. 她的生日就在下星期一，所以我必須給她買一件禮物。

二、介詞：一般也置于名詞之前

The Japanese admire the traditions of the Chinese. 日本人羨慕中國人的傳統。

If you get into difficulties, Monica is the person to ask. 你如陷入困境，只去找莫尼卡即可。

A doctor examined the astronauts. They returned from space today. 醫生給宇航員們進行了檢查。他們今天從太空返回。

三、連詞：置于詞與詞、短語與短語、從句與從句以及分句與分句之間，或置于從句之首

The dispute will end if and when both sides agree. 只有在雙方達到協議時，辯論才會結束。

We came home after our holiday to, find our garden neat and tidy. 我們度假歸來發現我們的花園干凈而且整齊。

She drew the curtain back, and the room was flooded with gold. 她拉開窗簾，房間里立即充滿金色的陽光。

注意：虛詞與其他詞構成短語，則可以擔任句子成分，如介詞與名詞、代詞、動名詞等構成介詞短語則可以擔任句子成分。