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關(guān)閉窗口 三、 完全倒裝
完全倒裝的基本形式是“謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)”，主要見于以下情況：
1. here 和there位于句首時(shí)的倒裝
表示地點(diǎn)的here和 there位于句首時(shí)，其后用完全倒裝形式。這類倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)通常是動(dòng)詞be和come, go等表示移動(dòng)或動(dòng)態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞：
Here’s Tom. 湯姆在這里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那兒。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來(lái)了。
There goes the bell. 鈴響了。
There goes the last train. 最后一班火車開走了。
注：(1) 以上倒裝句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞come和go不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，即不能說(shuō) Here is coming the bus。
(2) 若主語(yǔ)為代詞，則不倒裝：
Here I am. 我在這兒。/我來(lái)了。
Here it comes. 它來(lái)了(www.hz123456.com)。
(3) 其中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也可能是stand, lie, live等表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(表示存在)：
There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墻放著一張書桌。
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 從前有個(gè)人名叫比夫。
2. away和down等位于句首時(shí)的倒裝
地點(diǎn)副詞away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首時(shí)，其后用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。這類倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)通常表示動(dòng)態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞：
Away went the runners. 賽跑選手們跑遠(yuǎn)了。
Round and round flew the plane. 飛機(jī)盤旋著。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 門開了，史密斯先生進(jìn)了來(lái)。
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，傘都撐起來(lái)了。
注：若主語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，則不能用倒裝：
Away he went. 他跑遠(yuǎn)了。
Down it came. 它掉了下來(lái)。
3. 某些狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)的倒裝
為了保持句子平衡或使上下文銜接緊密，有時(shí)可將狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)置于句首，句中主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)完全倒裝：
Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在這些人當(dāng)中。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗戶邊坐著一個(gè)年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。
注：在表語(yǔ)置于句首的這類倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，要注意其中的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)保持一致，而不是與位于句首的表語(yǔ)保持一致。比較：
In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只貓。
In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些貓。
4. 現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞或不定式置于句首的倒裝
有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將謂語(yǔ)部分的現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞或不定式置于句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝：
Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一個(gè)古老的村莊被埋在這沙土之中。
Standing beside the table was his wife.. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列問(wèn)題要仔細(xì)考慮。
四、重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)原創(chuàng)精練
1. Only in this way ______ progress in your English.
A. you make B. you be able to make
C. can you make D. will you able to make
2. I’m quite willing to help and ______ the others.
A. so are the others B. the others are so
C. so do the others D. the others do
3. This is your work. In no case ______ to leave your post.
A. are you B. you are C. can you D. you can
4. Not until recently ______ any idea what a guided missile was like.
A. could I have B. had I C. I had D. did I have
5. So ______ that even the people in the next room could hear him.
A. loudly he spoke B. he spoke loudly
C. loudly did he speak D. loudly spoke did he
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