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關(guān)閉窗口 名師詳解語(yǔ)法易錯(cuò)題（12）
誤解單詞詞性類錯(cuò)誤
（內(nèi)部講稿，僅供交流，請(qǐng)勿商用）
英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)不僅在遣詞造句、句型搭配、習(xí)慣用法等方面有很大的差別，就是在詞性方面也有很大的差別，并且這種差別有時(shí)會(huì)使同學(xué)們稍不小心就釀成錯(cuò)誤。如：
◇_________ he was in Japan, he visited many places.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
答案是選A嗎？during（在……期間）是連詞嗎？它能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句嗎？請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本節(jié)有關(guān)例題。
◇I want him to go with us _________ he doesn’t.
A. even B. if C. even if D. if even
【分析】此題能選A嗎？even（即使）是連詞嗎？它能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句嗎？請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本節(jié)有關(guān)例題。
◇_________ your students against or for the plan made by the teacher?
A. Do B. Can C. Are D. Did
Against（反對(duì)）是動(dòng)詞嗎？它可以用作謂語(yǔ)嗎？此題的最佳答案是A嗎？請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本節(jié)有關(guān)例題。
◇A _________ road goes _________ from one place to another.
A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightly C. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight
straightly 是 straight 的副詞形式嗎？換句話說(shuō)，修飾名詞用 straight，而修飾動(dòng)詞就用 straightly 嗎？請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本節(jié)有關(guān)例題。
本節(jié)搜集了中學(xué)生在詞性用法上容易出錯(cuò)的一些典型例題，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。
1. _________ he was in Japan, he visited many places.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，將介詞 during 誤用作連詞。正確答案應(yīng)為 C。不過(guò)此題若改為如下形式，則應(yīng)選介詞 during：
_________ his stay in
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
但是下面一例要填 while，而不能填 during，因?yàn)槠浜蠼拥囊咽且粋�(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，所以不宜再用介詞 during，而用 while 可將其視為省略句：
_________ at school, he wrote his first novel.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
可視為 While (he was) at school, he wrote his first novel. 之省略。
2. I want him to go with us _________ he doesn’t.
A. even B. if C. even if D. if even
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，其實(shí)應(yīng)選 C。從語(yǔ)義上看，even 和 even if都可表示“即使”，如：
It was cold there even in July. 那里即使在七月，天氣都很冷。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there. 即使我得一路走著去，我也要走到那里。
Even if we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our holidays. 即使我們有能力，我們也不去國(guó)外度假。
但是兩者的詞性不同：even 是副詞，even if 是連詞，
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