關(guān)系代詞as與which的用法區(qū)別

■as 和which的相同點(diǎn)

(1) as 和which都可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，放在主句之后；在非限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)從句的主語、賓語或表語。如：

Tom has found a good job, as / which we all hope. 湯姆找到了一件好工作，這正是我們大家所希望的。

(2) as 和which都可代表整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容或主句中的某一成分。如：

His mother is ill, which makes him very sad. 他母親病了，這件事情使他很難過。

He has made great progress, as / which makes us very happy. 他進(jìn)步了，這使得我們很高興。

以上兩句中的as / which都指前面整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。

Though he has lots of money, he still rides his old bike, which was bought ten years ago. 盡管他很有錢，但是他還騎著他的舊單車，這單車是十年前買的。

There you can meet many writers as you have ever read in books. 在那里，你可見到你在書中所讀過的很多作家。

■as與which的區(qū)別

(1) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有so + adj. + a / such + (a) + adj. , the same等詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用as，而不用which。如：

She is so nice a girl as we all like. 她是個(gè)我們大家都喜歡的如此好的女孩。

It is such an interesting book as we all want to read. 它是本我們大家都想讀的有趣的書。

上面兩句中的as就不能用which替換。

(2) as 在從句中常作賓語；作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常為系動(dòng)詞，即：系表結(jié)構(gòu)或被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

As you expected, he turned up on time. 正如你所愿，他按時(shí)到了。

As is said above, he has conquered the difficulty. 正如上面所說，他征服了困難。

(3) 當(dāng)非限制性定語從句放到主句的前面時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用as，而不用which。如：

As is planned, we got there before eight. 正如計(jì)劃，我們再把店前到達(dá)了那兒。

(4) As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句指表示積極的意義，與主句是順理成章的關(guān)系，絕不能與之矛盾。若非限制性定語從句表示一種消極的意義，則只用which。如：

He has succeeded in his career, as / which we all hope. 他在事業(yè)中成功了，這正是我們大家所希望的。

Her grandma died last week, which made her very sad. 她的奶奶逝世了，這使得她很悲傷。

(5) 當(dāng)非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞前面有介詞時(shí)，只能用which, 而不可用 as。如：

He has a new computer, for which he paid nearly ten thousand yuan. 他有一臺(tái)新電腦，這臺(tái)電腦花了他將近一萬元。

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