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關閉窗口 英語語法錯用詞性典型考題（上）
英語和漢語不僅在遣詞造句、句型搭配、習慣用法等方面有很大的差別，就是在詞性方面也有很大的差別，并且這種差別有時會使同學們稍不小心就釀成錯誤。本文為英語初學者整理了一些比較典的在詞性用法上容易出錯的例題，希望對大家的學習有所幫助。
例1. _________ he was in Japan, he visited many places.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，將介詞 during 誤用作連詞。正確答案應為 C。不過此題若改為如下形式，則應選介詞 during：
_________ his stay in
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
但是下面一例要填 while，而不能填 during，因為其后接的已是一個介詞短語，所以不宜再用介詞 during，而用 while 可將其視為省略句：
_________ at school, he wrote his first novel.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
可視為 While (he was) at school, he wrote his first novel. 之省略。
例2. I want him to go with us _________ he doesn’t.
A. even B. if C. even if D. if even
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，其實應選 C。從語義上看，even 和 even if都可表示“即使”，如：
It was cold there even in July. 那里即使在七月，天氣都很冷。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there. 即使我得一路走著去，我也要走到那里。
Even if we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our holidays. 即使我們有能力，我們也不去國外度假。
但是兩者的詞性不同：even 是副詞，even if 是連詞，
例3. _________ the years slipped by, I thought less about her.
A. With B. As C. Since D. To
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，而其實應選 B。雖然 with 和 as 均可表示“隨著”，但詞性不同：with 是介詞，后接名詞或代詞，而 as 用于此義時是連詞，后接句子。比較：
He will improve as he grows older. 隨著年齡的增長，他會進步的。
People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 時代變了，人們的觀念也會變化。
下題應選答案C，你知道是什么原因了嗎？
_________ the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste has been produced.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
例4. He walked _________ the stage and bowed to the audience.
A. across B. cross C. crossing D. acrossing
【分析】此題容易誤選B。across 和 cross 均可表示“橫過”、“穿過”，但詞性不同：across 是介詞，cross 是動詞。比較：
cross the street 橫過馬路 walk across the street 走過馬路
cross a river 過河，渡河 swim across a river 游過河
【分析】此題正確答案應為A。請再看一例：
Don’t _________ the bridge until you come to it.
A. across B. cross C. through D. over
【分析】此題最佳答案選B，從題干的句子結構來看，填空處只能填一個動詞，而在所給的四個選項中，只有B為動詞，其余三個均為介詞。
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