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關(guān)閉窗口 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)用詞性典型考題（上）
英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)不僅在遣詞造句、句型搭配、習(xí)慣用法等方面有很大的差別，就是在詞性方面也有很大的差別，并且這種差別有時(shí)會(huì)使同學(xué)們稍不小心就釀成錯(cuò)誤。本文為英語(yǔ)初學(xué)者整理了一些比較典的在詞性用法上容易出錯(cuò)的例題，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。
例1. _________ he was in Japan, he visited many places.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，將介詞 during 誤用作連詞。正確答案應(yīng)為 C。不過(guò)此題若改為如下形式，則應(yīng)選介詞 during：
_________ his stay in
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
但是下面一例要填 while，而不能填 during，因?yàn)槠浜蠼拥囊咽且粋�(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，所以不宜再用介詞 during，而用 while 可將其視為省略句：
_________ at school, he wrote his first novel.
A. During B. Since C. While D. In
可視為 While (he was) at school, he wrote his first novel. 之省略。
例2. I want him to go with us _________ he doesn’t.
A. even B. if C. even if D. if even
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，其實(shí)應(yīng)選 C。從語(yǔ)義上看，even 和 even if都可表示“即使”，如：
It was cold there even in July. 那里即使在七月，天氣都很冷。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there. 即使我得一路走著去，我也要走到那里。
Even if we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our holidays. 即使我們有能力，我們也不去國(guó)外度假。
但是兩者的詞性不同：even 是副詞，even if 是連詞，
例3. _________ the years slipped by, I thought less about her.
A. With B. As C. Since D. To
【分析】此題容易誤選 A，而其實(shí)應(yīng)選 B。雖然 with 和 as 均可表示“隨著”，但詞性不同：with 是介詞，后接名詞或代詞，而 as 用于此義時(shí)是連詞，后接句子。比較：
He will improve as he grows older. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他會(huì)進(jìn)步的。
People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 時(shí)代變了，人們的觀念也會(huì)變化。
下題應(yīng)選答案C，你知道是什么原因了嗎？
_________ the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste has been produced.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
例4. He walked _________ the stage and bowed to the audience.
A. across B. cross C. crossing D. acrossing
【分析】此題容易誤選B。across 和 cross 均可表示“橫過(guò)”、“穿過(guò)”，但詞性不同：across 是介詞，cross 是動(dòng)詞。比較：
cross the street 橫過(guò)馬路 walk across the street 走過(guò)馬路
cross a river 過(guò)河，渡河 swim across a river 游過(guò)河
【分析】此題正確答案應(yīng)為A。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆焕?/SPAN>
Don’t _________ the bridge until you come to it.
A. across B. cross C. through D. over
【分析】此題最佳答案選B，從題干的句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，填空處只能填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，而在所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有B為動(dòng)詞，其余三個(gè)均為介詞。
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