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英語動詞時態(tài)詳解：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時
■湖南 陳根花
一、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的定義
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示某動作從過去某個時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。如：
Those cats have been screaming for hours. 那些貓叫了半天了。
We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我們等他等了兩個小時。
The dollar has been climbing steadily all week. 整個星期美元一直在穩(wěn)步增值。
二、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時由“have / has been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。如：
Sales have been dropping off badly. 銷售量一直減少得很厲害。
I have been waiting for an hour and a half. 我一直等了一個半小時了。
We’ll have been living here for two years by next Sunday. 到下星期日，我們在這里就住了整兩年了。
三、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時有哪些主要用法
1. 表示“持續(xù)”：
即表示一個從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)的動作，這動作可能剛剛停止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。如：
She has been pruning the roses. 她一直在修剪玫瑰。
He’s been helping himself to my stationery. 他未經(jīng)許可一直用我的文具。
The children have been having a lot of fun. 孩子們一直玩得很開心。
She is very tired. She’s been working all morning. 她很累。她干了一早晨了。
Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you. 湯姆一直在想辦法給你弄一個工作許可證。
The tobacco industry has been trying to improve its image. 煙草行業(yè)一直在試圖改善其形象。
It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company. 據(jù)我們了解你一直欺騙公司。
The group has been living in a remote corner of the Cambodian jungle. 該部落一直居住在柬埔寨的叢林深處。
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