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談?wù)劜欢ㄊ椒?hào)to的省略 |
作者:hgram 文章來(lái)源:www.hz123456.com 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2008-07-18 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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1. 一般說(shuō)來(lái),不定式前面要有小品詞to,但在下列情況中,不定式前的小品詞to須省略。 (1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及助動(dòng)詞之后一般要省略to,如: He can speak several languages. 他能說(shuō)好幾種語(yǔ)言。 We must work hard. 我們必須努力工作。 注意:在used, ought, have, be之后的不定式要帶to。如: He used to come here at eight. 他過(guò)去常在八點(diǎn)來(lái)這里。 (2) 在感官動(dòng)詞feel, hear, look at, listen to, notice, observe, sense, see, watch及使讓動(dòng)詞make后做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式前的to須省略。如(from www.hz123456.com): I heard them break a glass in the next door. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)诟舯诖蚱屏艘粋(gè)玻璃杯子。 注意:當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞,除let, have沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)外,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),不定式前的to不能省略。如: They were heard to break a glass in the next door. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)诟舯诖蚱屏艘粋(gè)玻璃杯子。 (3) 不定式作介詞besides, but, except的賓語(yǔ)或系動(dòng)詞be的表語(yǔ)時(shí),而在介詞besides, but, except或系動(dòng)詞be前有do的某種形式,不定式前的to須省略。如: We can do nothing but wait there. 我們除了在那兒等待之外,沒(méi)有其它的辦法。 (4) 不定式在cannot but, had better / best, rather than, sooner than, would rather, would sooner, know better than等短語(yǔ)之后時(shí),不定式前的to常被省略。如: I would rather watch a TV play than play cards. 我寧愿看一場(chǎng)電視劇,也不愿打牌。 (5) 用why向第二人稱(chēng)you 提問(wèn),而you被省略時(shí),動(dòng)詞前不能用to,從而構(gòu)成Why (not) do…? 如: You look tired. Why not have a good rest. 你看起來(lái)很疲倦,何不好好休息一下呢? (6) 在go hang, hear say, hear tell, let go, let fly, make believe, make do 等固定搭配中,不定式前的to常被省略。如(from www.hz123456.com): I used to hear say that he came from Canada. 我過(guò)去常聽(tīng)說(shuō)他是加拿大人。 2. 有時(shí)候,不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無(wú)。如: (1) 動(dòng)詞help, bid, know等接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無(wú)。如: He used to help us (to) practice our spoken English. 他過(guò)去常幫助我們練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。 (2) 動(dòng)詞help, stare等接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式前面的小品詞to可有可無(wú)。如: Can you help buy a stamp for me, please? 請(qǐng)幫我買(mǎi)張郵票,好嗎? |
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