非謂語 動詞being...結(jié)構(gòu)的語法功能及用法說明

being 既可以是謂語動詞，也可以是非謂語動詞(傳統(tǒng)語法中所謂的現(xiàn)在分詞或動名詞)。作為謂語動詞，其用法比較簡單，主要用于構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時態(tài)(含被動語態(tài)的進(jìn)行時態(tài))；作為非謂語動詞，其用法則比較復(fù)雜，可用于引出短語構(gòu)成主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。

一、being 用作謂語動詞

1. being 為助動詞時的用法

當(dāng) being 為助動詞時，用作謂語動詞動詞的 being 主要與過去分詞連用，構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。如：

I'm always being criticized. 我總是挨批。

He is being interviewed now. 他現(xiàn)在正在接受面試。

He is being met at the station tonight. 今晚有人去車站迎接他。

2. being 為連系動詞時的用法

當(dāng) being 為連系動詞時，用作謂語動詞動詞的 being 主要與形容詞連用，表示臨時特征或暫時現(xiàn)象。如：

You’re being stupid. 你真傻。

You are not being very polite. 你可是不大客氣呀。

Your brother is being very annoying this evening. 你兄弟今晚很煩人。

二、being 用作非謂語動詞

1. being 為助動詞時的用法

(1) being...結(jié)構(gòu)作主語。如：

Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路可能是一種很可怕的經(jīng)歷。

Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代價是不管你走到哪里，都會被人認(rèn)出來。

(2) being...結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。如：

He can't stand being kept waiting. 讓他等著，他可不干。

Do you like being stared at? 你愿意人家盯著你看嗎?

(3) being...結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：

I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看到他正被警察帶走。

I found myself being drawn into another dreary argument. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)竟然身不由己又參與了一次無聊的爭論。

It’s interesting (for children) to see a house being built. (孩子們)看造房子是挺有趣的事。

(4) being...結(jié)構(gòu)作定語。如：

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看見那個男孩受到警察的盤問了嗎?

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down. 我們要減少砍伐的樹的數(shù)量。

(5) being...結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。如：

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 給了她這個機(jī)會，她立刻抓住。

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顧，身體恢復(fù)得很快。

注：有時 being 可帶有自己的邏輯主語(構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))。如：

The question being settled, we went home. 問題解決之后，我們就回家了。

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