it用法的五類易錯點

易錯點一  混淆 it, its, it’s itself 的用法

從表面上看，it, its, itself 的區別是很明顯的：it 是指示代詞，its 是物主代詞（或叫代詞所有格），it’s 是it is或it has的縮略式，itself 是反身代詞。但在實際應用中，許多同學卻往往將它們混用，尤其是將 its 誤用作 it’s，或是將 itself 為誤用作 it。

【原創考題】根據句意和句子結構用所給詞的適當形式（每空限一詞）：

1. The police gave back a stolen watch to ______ (it) owner after they caught the thief. (D105)

2. Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made ______ (it) almost an overcoat for her. (安徽卷)

解析：第1題填 its，its owner 指“被盜手表的主人”，不能用 it’s；第2題填 itself，因為根據英語語法，當動詞的賓語與句子主語指同一人或同一事物時，用作賓語的代詞應用反身代詞，而不能用人稱代詞賓語。

易錯點二  將形式主語（賓語）與指示代詞混用

當句子主語是比較長的不定式、動名詞或從句時，或當賓語后面接有賓語補足語且賓語是不定式、動名詞或從句時，為避免“頭重腳輕”，通常會把真正的主語或賓語移至句末，而在原主語或賓語位置使用形式主語或形式賓語。值得注意的是，形式主語或形式賓語只能用 it，不能代之以其他人稱代詞，這是許多同學經常弄混的地方。

【原創考題】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ is unbelievable that our boss leads a simple life despite his great wealth.

2. Susan made ______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

解析：第1題填 It，句中的 that 引導的是一個主語從句，句首應用形式主語 it，注意不能填人稱代詞he，否則無法分析 that 從句在句子中的作用；第2句填 it，句中 that 引導的是賓語從句，由于該結構過長，故被置于句末，故原賓語位置要用形式賓語it。

易錯點三  不清楚it在強調句式中的用法特點

強調句式的基本結構是“it is (was) +被強調部分+that (who)+其他”。該句式的一個重要特點是 it is…that…屬于功能詞，與句子結構無關，在分析時可以撇開不看。許多同學在運用此類句式時最可能的出錯之處是將 it is (was) 誤寫成 he is (was), she is (was), we are (were) 等。

【原創考題】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ doesn’t matter whether you win or lose—______ is taking part that’s important.

2. ______ was after he got what he had desired that he realized it was not so important.

解析：第1題分別填It和it，第一空的it為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的whether從句；第二空填 it，這是強調句式，如果撇開功能詞 it is…that…不看，該句的非強調形式為 Taking part is important。第2題填 It，本題也是強調句式，被強調部分為時間狀語從句after he got what he had desired。

另外，強調句與其他句式的綜合運用也是許多同學容易出錯之處，如強調句式與 not…until…句式綜合，強調句式與 not…but…句式綜合，強調句式與 rather than 結構綜合，等等。

【原創考題】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. ______ is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.

2. ______ is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.

3. ______ was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

解析：第1題填It，本題考查強調句式與not…but…的綜合；第2題填It，本題考查強調句式與 rather t than 的綜合；第3題填It，本題考查強調句式與not…until…的綜合。

易錯點四  漏用like it when (if)類句式中的it

英語中表示“喜歡”和“不喜歡”的動詞 appreciate, like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, dislike 等，當后接if從句或when從句時，習慣上要在從句前加上it——這個it不僅不能省略，而且不能用 him, her, me, us, them 等賓格人稱代詞替換。

【原創考題】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. I’d appreciate ______ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

2. I dislike ______ when the people behind me at the cinema start whispering.

3. I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate ______ if it’s not clean.

4. I don’t like ______ when you make free with my bike. You should at least ask when you want to borrow it.

解析：四道題均填 it，注意空格前的動詞 appreciate, dislike, hate, like 以及空格后 if 和when 引導的從句。注意不要受從句主語的影響而誤填 you, them 等代詞。

易錯點五  因未弄清固定搭配或特殊句式而用誤用it

英語中含有it的固定搭配或特殊句式很多，但考綱中真正要求掌握的并不多。請做做以下試題，自測一下看看你對此掌握得怎么樣！

【原創考題】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. The train won’t leave for another ten minutes, so I think we can make ______.

2. If ______ were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I would invite her to the party.

3. ______ is the third time that she has won the race, which has surprised us all.

4. Fortunately ______ happened that there was no one in the house at the time of the explosion.

解析：第1題填 it，make it 為固定搭配，在此表示“及時趕上”；第2題填 it，If it were not for…為引出虛擬條件語氣的固定句式，意思是“要不是因為……”；第3題填 It，本題考查 It is the first (second, third…) time that…句式；第4題填 it，本題考查 it happened that…（碰巧……）句式。

【原創模擬】根據句子句意和結構在空格處填上適當的詞語（每空限一詞）：

1. “Who’s that at the door?” “______ is the milkman.”

2. When ______ comes to speaking in public, no one can match him.

3. The story teaches us that history often repeat ______.

4. ______ was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food.

5. Nowadays people find ______ convenient to be able to do their banking by phone.

6. Was ______ because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry?

7. The high cost of childcare made ______ impossible for mothers to return to work economically.

8. ______ happened, whether by accident or design, that Steve and I were the last two people to leave.

9. ______ was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

10. I hate ______ when you’re left alone at a party with a complete stranger and you’ve got to make conversation.

參考答案：除第3題填 itself 外，其余均填 it（若位于首，則填It）。