打印本文 
關(guān)閉窗口 ill與sick的用法區(qū)別與比較
1. 兩者都可表示“有病的”：
(1) 作定語時(shí)通常用 sick。如：
He did duty for a sick comrade. 他接替一位患病的同志工作。
The sick man's face was in complete distortion. 該男病人的臉完全變了樣。
Doctors have charge of the sick people. 醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)照顧病人。
The nurse made the sick man comfortable. 護(hù)士使病人感覺舒服。
The doctor made an examination of the sick child. 醫(yī)生檢查了生病的孩子。
The sick child was hurried to the hospital. 生病的小孩被趕緊送往醫(yī)院。
(2) 作表語時(shí)可用 ill(英) 或 sick (美)。如：
I was ill (sick) yesterday and I don’t feel any better today. 我昨天病了，今天一點(diǎn)也不覺得比昨天好些。
He was ill (sick) for a week, and during that week he ate nothing. 他病了一個(gè)星期，在那一星期里他什么也沒吃。
He’s not as ill (sick) as you think, if you ask me. 依我看他病得不像你想像的那樣嚴(yán)重。
He was so ill (sick) that he brought up everything. 他病得很重，什么都吐了出來。
注：在英國(guó)英語中，用作表語的 sick 可用來表示“嘔吐的”或“惡心的”。如：
She feels sick in buses. 她在公共汽車上覺得想嘔。
The long train ride made me sick. 長(zhǎng)時(shí)間搭乘火車使我想吐。
因此若沒有上下文, I was sick yesterday. 這類句子可能有歧義(可能表示“我昨天病了”或“我昨天想吐”)。
2. ill 表示“有病的”時(shí)，一般不用作定語，但當(dāng)它表示“壞的(=bad)”“有害的(= harmful)”等義時(shí)，卻只能作定語，不能作表語。如：
The Blacks had ill luck. 布萊克一家遭了厄運(yùn)。
It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good. 天下無絕對(duì)的壞事。
I had to retire on the grounds of ill health. 我因健康的緣故不得已才退休了。
3. sick 表示“有病的”，可用作表語或定語，但若表示“厭煩的”，則只用作表語，其后通常接介詞 of。如：John is sick of his job. 約翰討厭他的工作。
He was sick of lying in bed. 他在床上已經(jīng)躺得厭煩了。
I'm sick of this place; let’s shove off. 我討厭這個(gè)地方，我們離開吧。
4. 表示“病人”，通常用 the sick (相當(dāng)于名詞 ，具有復(fù)數(shù)意義)，而不用 the ill。如：
caring for the sick and the aged 照顧病人和老人
The sick and the aged need our help. 病人和老人需要我們幫助。
A hospital is an institution to cure the sick. 醫(yī)院是治病的機(jī)構(gòu)。
They have come to see the sick. 他們已來看望過病人。
The sick were allowed to pass free. 病人可以免費(fèi)通過。
She has a vocation for looking after the sick. 她有照顧病人的本領(lǐng)。
The hospital was full of the sick and wounded. 醫(yī)院里擠滿了傷病員。
5. 在下列短語中，兩者一般不宜換用：
sick pay 病假津貼
sick leave 病假
speak ill of 說某人的壞話
think ill of 認(rèn)為……不好
打印本文 關(guān)閉窗口