aloud, loud與loudly的用法比較與辨析

1. 在三個詞當(dāng)中，aloud 只可以用作副詞，不可以用作形容詞，具體用法如下：

(1) aloud 強(qiáng)調(diào)出聲：即把話說出來，而不是在心里默默地“說”，通常與動詞 read, speak, think 等動詞連用。如：

Children can click on a sentence to hear it read aloud. 兒童可以點擊句子來聽句子的錄音。

Joanne, would you read the poem aloud? 喬安妮，你來念這首詩好嗎？

He glanced at the letter and began to read it aloud. 他看了一下信，大聲念了起來。

“What did you say?” “Oh, nothing, I was just thinking aloud.” “你說甚么了？”“啊，沒甚么，我只是在自言自語。”

(2) 表示大聲地（而不是輕聲地）：通常與動詞 cry, laugh, shout, call, sob 等動詞連用，如：

I heard him suddenly laugh aloud. 我聽見他突然大笑起來。

It was painful, and made me cry aloud. 這很痛，痛得我大叫起來。

Denis almost gasped aloud in astonishment. 丹尼斯驚得差點大叫起來。

He was pleading, almost sobbing, first silently and then aloud. 他懇求著 ，幾乎要哭出來了，起先無聲嗚咽，后來抽噎出聲。

2. loud 表示“大聲”或“響亮”，可用作形容詞和副詞：

(1) 用作形容詞。如：

The dog gave a loud bark. 那條狗大聲地吠叫。

Will the firework make a loud enough bang? 焰火發(fā)出的聲音足夠響嗎？

There was a loud bang outside the kitchen door. 廚房門外傳來砰的一聲巨響。

All we could hear were loud sobs, but no articulate words. 我們聽到的只是大聲啜泣，沒有清楚的話語。

The Norwich fans gave their team a loud cheer as they trooped off the field. 當(dāng)球員們列隊離開賽場時，諾里奇的球迷向他們大聲歡呼。

(2) 用作副詞(與 loudly 同義)，一般只與動詞 speak, talk, laugh, sing 等連用，且必須放在這些動詞之后。如：

The noise resumed, louder than before.  噪聲再起，比先前更大。

Could you speak a little louder?  你能不能說得大聲點？

The birds sang louder than ever. 鳥兒比平時唱得更歡了。

3. loudly 只用作副詞(與用作副詞的 loud 同義)。如：

She banged loudly on the table.  她大聲地敲打桌子。

She screamed as loudly as she could.  她聲嘶力竭地尖叫著。

There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas.  戲院里應(yīng)該禁止大聲交談。

She screamed loudly and two people came to her aid.  她大聲呼叫，有兩個人趕來幫忙。

另外，在用于比較級或最高級時，通常用 loud，而不用 loudly。如：

The Irish contingent sang loudest at the show.  愛爾蘭代表團(tuán)在演出中唱得最響亮。