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關(guān)閉窗口 介詞to與for引出間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)所搭配的動(dòng)詞
兩者都可以引出間接賓語(yǔ)，但要根據(jù)不同的動(dòng)詞分別選用介詞 to 或 for，具體應(yīng)注意以下三種情況：
1. 在 give, pass, hand, lend, send, tell, bring, show, pay, read, return, write, offer, teach, throw 等之后接介詞 to。如：
Please give me a dictionary. =Please give a dictionary to me. 請(qǐng)給我一本詞典。
Please pass me the salt. =Please pass the salt to me. 請(qǐng)把鹽遞給我。
He handed her his drink. =He handed his drink to her. 他把他的飲料遞給她。
Send him some.=Send some to him. 送一些給他。
Bring me a glass of water.=Bring a glass of water for me. 給我倒杯水來(lái)。
We have sent him a telegram.=We have sent a telegram to him. 我們已給他發(fā)了一份電報(bào)。
Please lend me this book for a week. = Please lend this book to me for a week. 請(qǐng)把這本書(shū)借給我一星期。
Throw me the ball.=Throw the ball to me. 把球扔給我。
Please show me your photo.=Please show your photo to me. 請(qǐng)給我看看你的照片。
Show her some kindness.=Show some kindness to her. 對(duì)她客氣些。
I paid him the money.=I paid the money to him. 我將錢(qián)付給了他。
Please read me the letter.= Please read the letter to me. 請(qǐng)把信念給我聽(tīng)。
Please write me the result.=Please write the result to me. 請(qǐng)把結(jié)果寫(xiě)給我。
He wrote her some letters.=He wrote some letters to her. 他給她寫(xiě)了幾封信。
He offered her his chair.=He offered his chair to her. 他把他的椅子給她坐。
He teaches the children maths.=He teach maths to the children. 他教孩子們學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。
2. 在 buy, make, get, order, cook, sing, fetch, play, find, paint, choose, prepare, spare 等之后用介詞 for 。如：
Will you get me a ticket?=Will you get a ticket for me? 你能為我弄張票嗎?
My uncle bought me an English dictionary.=My uncle bought an English dictionary for me. 我叔叔為我買(mǎi)了本英語(yǔ)詞典。
She cooked us some potatoes. =She cooked some potatoes for us. 她給我們煮了些土豆。
He sang us an English song.=He sang an English song for us. 他為我們唱了首英語(yǔ)歌。
Please find me the keys. = Please find the keys for me. 請(qǐng)幫我把鑰匙找到。
Can you spare me a few minutes?=Can you spare a few minutes for me? 能耽擱你幾分鐘嗎 (即你能為我抽出幾分鐘嗎)?
Fetch me the dictionary.=Fetch the dictionary for me. 給我把那本字典拿來(lái)。
He chose me a nice present.=He chose a nice present for me. 他為我選了件漂亮的禮物。
Mother is preparing a meal for us.=Mother is preparing us a meal. 母親在給我們準(zhǔn)備飯菜。
3. 有的動(dòng)詞由于用法和含義不同，用介詞 to 或 for 都是可能的。如：
do sb a favour＝do a favour for sb 幫某人的忙
do sb harm＝do harm to sb 對(duì)某人有害
在有的情況下，可能既不用for 也不用 to，而用其他的介詞。如：
play sb a trick＝play a trick on sb 作弄某人
請(qǐng)比較：
play sb some folk songs＝play some folk songs for sb 給某人演奏民歌
有時(shí)同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，由于用法不同，所搭配的介詞也可能不同，如 leave sb sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，若表示一般意義的為某人留下某物，則用介詞 for 引出間接賓語(yǔ)，即說(shuō) leave sth for sb；若表示某人死后遺留下某物，則用介詞 to 引出間接賓語(yǔ)，即說(shuō) leave sth to sb。如：
Would you like to leave him a message? / Would you like to leave a message for him? 你要不要給他留個(gè)話？
Her father left her a large fortune. / Her father left a large fortune to her. 她父親死后給她留下了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。
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