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關(guān)閉窗口 12.不定代詞與部分否定
不定代詞all, both, every等與not連用時(shí)構(gòu)成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，則需換用 none, neither, no one等。比較：
All of the students like the book. 所有這些學(xué)生都喜歡這本書。
Not all of the students like the book. 并非所有這些學(xué)生都喜歡這本書。
None of the students like the book. 這些學(xué)生中沒(méi)有一個(gè)喜歡這本書。
13. 關(guān)系代詞的用法
主要的關(guān)系代詞有 that, who, whom, whose, which, as 等。其中who, whom 只用于指人，which, as 只用于指事物，whose, that 既可于指人也可用于指物。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句主要用于主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(可以省略)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)：
He is the man who [that] lives next door. 他就是就是住在隔壁的那個(gè)人。
How do you like the photo that [which] I took? 你覺(jué)得我拍的這張照片怎么樣？
This is the same watch as I lost. 這塊表跟我丟失的那塊一樣。
I want to find someone with whom I could discuss music. 我想找個(gè)能和我談音樂(lè)的人。
She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀請(qǐng)，這是她意想不到的。
14. 關(guān)系代詞that與which的用法區(qū)別
兩者都可指物，常可互換。其區(qū)別主要在于：
(1)通常要用which的場(chǎng)合：
①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常要用which。如：
She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀請(qǐng)，這是她意想不到的。
②直接放在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用which。如：
The tool with which he is working is called a hammer. 他干活用的那個(gè)工具叫做錘子。
(2)通常多用that的場(chǎng)合：
①當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時(shí)much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時(shí)，通常用that：
All [Everything] that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必須做。
但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，在something, anything, everything等之后用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的現(xiàn)象也很普通。
②當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時(shí)，通常用that。如：
This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個(gè)。
Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原話。
③當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時(shí)，通常用that。如：
This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 這是我用過(guò)的最好的詞典。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。
④當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用that。如：
⑤當(dāng)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí)，通常用that。如：
They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談?wù)摿耸顾麄冇∠笞钌畹娜撕褪隆?/SPAN>
⑥當(dāng)要避免重復(fù)時(shí)。如：
Which is the course that we are to take? 我們選哪門課程？
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