7. 關(guān)系代詞as與which的用法區(qū)別

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，有時(shí)兩者可互換。如：

I live a long way from work, as (which) you know. 我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn)，這你是知道的。

(1)通常要用as的場合：

①當(dāng)從句位于主句前面時(shí)，只用 as。如：

As is well known, more people get colds in wet weather. 眾所周知，大多數(shù)人在雨天感冒。

②用于such, as, the same后引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時(shí)，只能用as。如：

Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless. 給他提的那類建議簡直毫無價(jià)值。

He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一種他買得起的最貴的煙。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. 你必須對我妻子表現(xiàn)出與對我同樣的敬重。

(2)兩者的細(xì)微區(qū)別：

①as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句應(yīng)與主句在意義上和諧一致，which無此限制。如：

He went abroad, as (which) was expected. 他出國了，這是大家預(yù)料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出國了，這讓大家感到很意外。(不用as)

②as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，先行詞通常不能是主句中某個(gè)具體的詞，而應(yīng)是整個(gè)句子、整個(gè)短語或某個(gè)短語推斷出來的概念，而which 則無此限制。如：

The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不用as)

③當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作主語時(shí)，其謂語通常應(yīng)是連系動(dòng)詞，而不宜是其他動(dòng)詞，而 which則無此限制。如：

She has married again, as (which) seemed natural. 她又結(jié)婚了，這似乎很正常。

She has married again, which delighted us. 她又結(jié)婚了，這使我們很高興。(不用as)

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