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中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法完全突破——非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 |
作者:柯帕斯 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2017-03-09 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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考點(diǎn)2 考查介詞后接動(dòng)詞的用法 在通常情況下,在介詞后接一個(gè)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),該動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。如: How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何? The Swiss are clever at making watches. 瑞士人善于制表。 Excuse me for coming back, Doctor. 醫(yī)生,原諒我又回來(lái)了。 He left without paying his bill. 他沒(méi)有付賬就走了。 What did you do after leaving school? 離開(kāi)學(xué)校之后你干什么了? Before going out I phoned Betty. 出門(mén)之前我給貝蒂打了一個(gè)電話。 【考例】—How about ________ in the river with us? —Sorry I can’t. My parents often tell me ________ that. (深圳中考題) A. swim, don’t do B. swim, to do C. swimming, not do D. swimming, not to do 【分析】答案選D。第一空應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞,因?yàn)榭崭袂暗?/SPAN>about為介詞,故可排除A和B;第二空應(yīng)填not to do,因?yàn)?/SPAN>tell所用的句型是tell sb to do sth和tell sb not to do sth。 考點(diǎn)3 考查習(xí)慣上后接不定式的動(dòng)詞用法 初中英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣上只后接不定式(而不接動(dòng)名詞)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不多,主要的有有: agree(同意),ask(要求),decide(決定),expect(期待),help(幫助),hope(希望),manage(設(shè)法),offer(主動(dòng)提出),plan(計(jì)劃),prepare(準(zhǔn)備),promise(答應(yīng)),refuse(拒絕),want(想要),wish(希望)。如: She agreed to wait for me. 她同意等我。 I didn’t expect to see you here. 沒(méi)想到在這里碰到你。 I decided to ask for my money back. 我決定把我的錢(qián)要回來(lái)。 I hope to catch an early train. 我希望趕上早班火車(chē)。 Tom refused to lend her any more money. 湯姆拒絕再借錢(qián)給她。 I want to stay at home tonight. 今晚我想待在家里。 Can you help to carry this table upstairs? 你能幫忙把桌子搬到樓上去嗎? 另外,動(dòng)詞live和love表示“喜歡”時(shí),后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞均可,且意思相同,如: I like watching [to watch] TV. 我喜歡看電視。 但是,當(dāng)它們與would連用時(shí),則只能后接不定式,不能接動(dòng)名詞。如: I’d like to go with them. 我想同他們一起去。 He’d like to be a teacher. 他希望當(dāng)教師。 【考例1】The boy promised ________ late for school again.(江蘇徐州中考題) A. to not be B. not to be C. not being D. being not 【分析】答案選A。表示答應(yīng)做某事,promise后要接不定式,不能接動(dòng)名詞。又如:He promised to lend me some money. 他答應(yīng)借給我一些錢(qián)。 【考例2】—Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight? —No, I’d like ________ and see the “Nest” Stadium(鳥(niǎo)巢運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)). (湖南婁底中考題) A. to go B. go C. went D. going 【分析】答案選A。would like后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)只用不定式,不用動(dòng)名詞,更不能用動(dòng)詞原型或過(guò)去式。又如:I’d like to think it over. 我想好好考慮一下。 考點(diǎn)4 考查接不定式或動(dòng)名詞意思不同的動(dòng)詞 有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞均可,但是意思不同,主要有以下幾類(lèi)值得注意: 1. remember, forget, regret:remember(記得),forget(忘記),regret(后悔)后接不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生,后接動(dòng)名詞(可用一般式或完成式)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。比較: Don’t forget to tell him the news. 別忘告訴他這消息。 I forgot telling her the news. 我忘了曾告訴過(guò)她這個(gè)消息。 Remember to turn out the lights before you go to bed. 臨睡前別忘了關(guān)燈。 I remember reading about it in the papers. 我記得在報(bào)紙上看到過(guò)這事。 2. go on:其后接不定式表示接著做另一事,接動(dòng)名詞表示接著做同樣的事或不停地做著同樣的事。如: They went on to talk about other matters. 他們接著又談別的事情。 They went on talking about their own matters. 他們繼續(xù)他們自己的事情。 注:go on后接的doing也可視為現(xiàn)在分詞而非動(dòng)名詞。
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