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      英語典型語法錯誤100例(4)
      作者:DEKT-GG  文章來源:本站原創(chuàng)  點擊數(shù)  更新時間:2017-03-22  文章錄入:admin  責任編輯:admin

       

      英語典型語法錯誤100例(4

       

      31.令我們感到高興的是,他一天天地好了起來。

      To our delight, he was getting better day after day.

      To our delight, he was getting better day by day.

      比較 day by day day after day:兩者均可表示一天天地,但含義和用法均有區(qū)別:day by day含有逐漸(gradually)轉(zhuǎn)變的意思,在句中主要用作狀語;day after day暗示時間之長久(for many many days),在句中可用作狀語,也可用作主語或賓語。比較:Day after day went by, and still no message arrived.. 一天天過去了,還是一直沒有消息。Things are getting worse day by day. 情況一天天變糟。

      32.我們都指望他明天能來。

      We all depend you to come tomorrow.

      We all depend on you to come tomorrow.

      We all depend on you coming tomorrow.

      We all depend on your coming tomorrow.

      depend不能跟不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語,因為它是不及物動詞,后接賓語時,必須用depend on [upon]。注:depend on 后可以跟不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu),并且也可接動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,此句也可用從句改寫:We all depend on it that he will come tomorrow.

      33. 這本詞典是供外國學生用的。

      The dictionary is designing for foreign students.

      The dictionary is designed for foreign students.

      design用作動詞除表示設(shè)計外,還可表示計劃”“打算等,如:His father designed him for a lawyer. 他父親打算要他當律師。但是,此用法通常用于被動形式,即用于 be designed for sb (sth), be designed to do sth, be designed as sth 等。如:The weekend party was designed to bring the two old men together. 這次周末聚會的用意是要使兩位老人見面。The room was designed as the children’s playroom. 這個房間計劃用作兒童游戲室。

      34.我不同意我們那么早就出發(fā)。

      I disagree that we should start so early.

      I don’t agree that we should start so early.

      “agree+that從句不一樣,disagree(不同意)后不接 that 從句。順便說一句,要表示同意做某事,可說 agree to do sth,但要表示不同意做某事,不能說disagree to do sth,可根據(jù)情況改為 not agree to do sthrefuse to do sth等。

      35. 我們對現(xiàn)金付款給予九折優(yōu)惠。

      We give (a) 90% discount for cash.

      We give (a) 10% discount for cash.

      discount(折扣)的實際意思是從某物的價格中扣去的數(shù)目,而不是扣除某個數(shù)目后剩下的數(shù)目,即 discount amount of money taken off the cost of sth

      36.許多年輕人夢想出國。

      A great many young people dream to go abroad.

      A great many young people dream of going abroad.

      動詞 dream(夢見,夢想)后不能接不定式,若語義上需要這類結(jié)構(gòu),通常用 of doing sth。注意此用法的否定式:Little did I dream of succeeding so well. 我做夢也沒想到會這樣成功。

      37.這個女人不很聰明,很容易受騙。

      The woman is not very clever and easy to be cheated.

      The woman is not very clever and easy to cheat.

      “be easy (difficult) +不定式這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,句子主語通常應是 it(如說:It is easy to cheat the woman.),通常不能是指人或物的名詞。但有時也可以用指人或指物的名詞作主語,注意此時該主語必須是其后不定式的邏輯賓語,且此時該不定式要用主動式表示被動意義(不直接用被動式)。又如:The question is easy to answer. 這個問題很容易回答。(不能用 to be answered

      38.這條消息對她沒有一點影響。

      誤:The news did not effect her at all.

      正:The news did not affect her at all.

      正:The news had no effect on her at all.

      析:effect affect 均可表示影響,但前者是名詞,后者是動詞。兩者的關(guān)系大致為 affecthave an effect on,如:To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 影響一項政策就是對該政策具有一種影響。注:effect 也可用作動詞,但不表示影響,而是表示引起”“產(chǎn)生實現(xiàn)”“達到等。

      39.我潑了些雞蛋在衣服上。

      誤:I spilled some eggs on the dress.

      正:I spilled some egg on the dress.

      析:有的學生認為,egg(雞蛋)只用作可數(shù)名詞,其實那是誤解。egg 通常是可數(shù)的,其意是指一個個可以數(shù)的 egg,但是當它敲碎后,我們見到蛋殼內(nèi)的雞蛋,便是一種物質(zhì)了,也就不可數(shù)了。順便補充一點:作為食物的 egg,可能是可數(shù)的也可能是不可數(shù)的,其區(qū)別依然是看它是否能實實在在地被數(shù)

      40.我拿了別人的雨傘。

      誤:I’ve taken somebody’s else umbrella.

      正:I’ve taken somebody else’s umbrella.

      析:若語義上需要所有格,該所有格通常加在 else 上。

       

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